Research Article

Analysing WAHIS Animal Health Immediate Notifications to Understand Global Reporting Trends and Measure Early Warning Capacities (2005–2021)

Table 2

Sources of infection for the most reported disease events between 1 January 2005 and 8 February 2021.

DiseaseNumber of eventsEvents with known source (%)Events with unknown source (%)Airborne spread (%)Animals in transit (%)Contact at grazing/watering points (%)Contact with wildlife (%)Fomites (humans, vehicles, feed, etc.) (%)Illegal movement of animals (%)Introduction of new live animals (%)Legal movement of animals (%)Swill feeding (%)Vectors (%)

High pathogenicity avian influenza (poultry)560217911116335001
African swine fever349227800246115292
Foot-and-mouth disease343475322161572215700
Newcastle disease1833169221156710201
Low pathogenic avian influenza (poultry) (2006–2021)17713870008112300
High pathogenicity influenza (non-poultry including wild birds) (2017-)174267411125012000
Bluetongue159554520400242052
Anthrax14918820081802110
West Nile fever76396100040000037
Rabies744951000230155007
Other1018297111432695110

Sources of infection most frequently reported are highlighted in bold. Some reports indicated more than one source of infection; therefore, the sum of them can be higher than 100%. Dates in parentheses are used to identify situations where a disease was not included in the list of reportable diseases until after 2005 (date before the dash) or was removed from the list of reportable diseases before 2021 (date after the dash).