Review Article

Accuracy of Tests for Diagnosis of Animal Tuberculosis: Moving Away from the Golden Calf (and towards Bayesian Models)

Table 3

Average posterior median (APM) and 95% average posterior probability intervals (APPI) of the Se and Sp of antemortem diagnostic tests for tuberculosis in the articles reviewed.

TestNSe estimatesAPM and 95% APPI Se estimates (%)§Sp estimatesAPM and 95% APPI Sp estimates (%)§Species

Skin test (PPD-based)134966.3 (52.5–74.6)4999.1 (98.6–99.5)
Cervical104366.1 (49.3–72.0)4399.2 (98.7–99.5)Cattle
 SIT standard interpretation61263.9 (46.6–84.0)1296.9 (96.3–97.4)Cattle
 SIT severe interpretation61069.8 (46.0–91.8)1099.4 (98.8–99.9)Cattle
 SICCT standard interpretation51357.5 (52.5–66.6)1399.1 (98.2–99.7)Cattle
 SICCT severe interpretation4870.4 (66.8–75.6)899.2 (98.7–99.6)Cattle
Caudal fold3672.9 (57.6–86.6)678.7 (64.3–94.1)Cattle, bison
IFN- γ blood test124478.1 (70.5–89.7)4489.3 (86.9–91.7)
 BOVIGAM (OD 0.05)51088.7 (80.1–96.2)1088.1 (85.6–91.1)Cattle
 BOVIGAM (OD 0.1)72375.1 (69.1–81.3)2388.2 (86.6–89.6)Cattle
 BOVIGAM (OD 0.2)1183.3 (74.2–93.5)123.5 (17.4–30.3)Cattle
 IDvet1349.0 (24.9–94.1)397.9 (97.4–98.4)Cattle
 Antigen TB-feron (OD 0.1)1197.0 (86.0–100)197.0 (91.4–98.5)Cattle
 ESAT6/CFP102566.0 (61.7–72.5)595.3 (95.0–95.5)Cattle
 In-house1179.9 (68.8–89.5)195.0 (91.4–98.5)Badger
Serology test133952.2 (39.9–67.4)3995.5 (92.0–98.8)
 ELISA61553.9 (33.1–73.4)1595.5 (91.7–98.8)Cattle, wild boar
 Multiplex immunoassay51651.3 (45.8–56.4)1698.7 (97.4–99.5)Cattle, elk, badger, meerkat, bison
 FPA3538.0 (21.0–54.7)594.0 (92.0–95.0)Cattle, bison, elk
 LST1271.0 (55.0–84.0)279.0 (76.0–81.0)Elk
 Rapid lateral flow1193.0 (31.0–99.0)199.0 (95.0–100)Cattle

Number of articles that evaluate each test. Number of trials from which sensitivity and specificity estimates were extracted. §Sensitivity and specificity average posterior median and 95% average posterior probability interval of each test. Nature of the test is indicated in bold.