Descriptive Epidemiology and Phylodynamics of the “First Wave” of an Outbreak of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (H5N1 Clade 2.3.4.4b) in British Columbia and the Yukon, Canada, April to September 2022

<div>Hemagglutinin (HA)-specific phylogenetic analysis of H5N1 detections in British Columbia (B.C.) and Yukon contextualized by H5N1 sequences from other parts of Canada and the United States between September 2021 and September 2022. H5N1 sequences displayed by (a) country of origin and time (swab collection date) since the first N. American detection in Dec. 2021 (in Newfoundland) and (b) genetic cluster (B.C. and Yukon sequences only), highlighting five genetically distinct phylogenies that were in circulation during the first wave of the H5N1 HPAI outbreak in B.C./Yukon. Sequences in this timed tree are plotted based on specimen collection date. Trees are rooted by the KU201896 (H5) reference sequence.</div>

Transboundary and Emerging Diseases

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Figure 3: Descriptive Epidemiology and Phylodynamics of the “First Wave” of an Outbreak of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (H5N1 Clade 2.3.4.4b) in British Columbia and the Yukon, Canada, April to September 2022 

Figure 3 | Descriptive Epidemiology and Phylodynamics of the “First Wave” of an Outbreak of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (H5N1 Clade 2.3.4.4b) in British Columbia and the Yukon, Canada, April to September 2022 