Serosurvey and Associated Risk Factors for Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus Infection in Dromedary Camels in Egypt

Table 2

Seroprevalence of BVD antibodies in camels from Egypt.

Variable	Total tested camels	No. of positive	No. of negative	% of positive	95%CI	Statistic
Locality
Kafr ElSheikh	130	6	124	4.6	2.14–9.71	χ2 = 2.566; df = 2
Giza	150	10	140	6.7	3.66–11.84
Marsa Matrouh	120	3	117	2.5	0.85–7.09
Sex
Male	80	2	78	2.5	0.69–8.66	χ2 = 1.119; df = 1
Female	320	17	303	5.3	3.34–8.34
Age	—	—	0	—	—	—
6 months to ≤4 years	71	1	70	1.4	0.25–7.56	χ2 = 7.994; df = 2
4–8 years	193	6	187	3.1	1.43–6.62
>8 years	135	12	123	8.9	5.16–14.9
	399	19	380	4.8	—	—
Herd size
≤30	260	17	243	6.5	4.12–10.22	χ2 = 5.252; df = 1
>30	140	2	138	1.4	0.39–5.06
Contact with sheep and goats	—	—	0	—	—	—
Yes	120	13	107	10.8	6.44–17.65	χ2 = 14.002; df = 1
No	280	6	274	2.1	0.98–4.59
History of abortion
Yes	65	9	56	13.8	7.46–24.27	χ2 = 15.473; df = 1
No	255	10	245	3.9	2.14–7.07
Total	400	19	381	4.8	3.06–7.3	—

indicates that the result is significant.