Methods and Tools Used for Biosecurity Assessment in Livestock Farms in Africa: A Scoping Review

Figure 5

Number of studies assessing the impact of biosecurity measures in Africa. The figure reports the number (percentage) of studies per animal species in which the association between at least one biosecurity measure and another factor (i.e., animal health, demographics of farmers, economy, farm characteristics, production performance, antimicrobial usage, and antimicrobial resistance) was assessed. In many studies, more than one factor was considered. One study considered all the three ruminant species and one both pig and poultry farms.