Phylogenetic and Molecular Characteristics of Wild Bird-Origin Avian Influenza Viruses Circulating in Poland in 2018−2022: Reassortment, Multiple Introductions, and Wild Bird–Poultry Epidemiological Links

<div>Timeline representing different H5N8 HPAIV introductions observed in Poland during the 2020/2021 H5N<i>x</i> HPAI season. Vertical bar demarcates between HPAIVs detected in December 2020 in north-western Poland (Słupsk, West Pomeranian Voivodeship) and HPAIVs identified over 3.5 weeks in February–March 2021 in north-central Poland (along Gdańsk Bay, Pomeranian Voivodeship).</div>

Transboundary and Emerging Diseases

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Figure 4: Phylogenetic and Molecular Characteristics of Wild Bird-Origin Avian Influenza Viruses Circulating in Poland in 2018−2022: Reassortment, Multiple Introductions, and Wild Bird–Poultry Epidemiological Links 

Figure 4 | Phylogenetic and Molecular Characteristics of Wild Bird-Origin Avian Influenza Viruses Circulating in Poland in 2018−2022: Reassortment, Multiple Introductions, and Wild Bird–Poultry Epidemiological Links 