Toxoplasmosis Behind Bars: One Health Approach on Serosurvey Dynamics and Associated Risk Factors for Women Inmates, Correctional Officers, and In-Prison Feral Cats

Table 4

Associated risk factors for anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in correctional officers (N = 91) in a penitentiary of Paraná, southern Brazil.

	Serological results		Univariate analysis
Variables	Positive (%)	Negative (%)	OR (95% CI)	p Overall
	31 (34.1)	60 (65.9)	—	—
Gender	—	—	—	0.224
Female	27 (87.1)	57 (95.0)	1 (Reference)	—
Male	4 (12.9)	3 (5.00)	2.75 (0.54–15.8)	—
Age (years old)	—	—	—	0.204
<38	9 (30.0)	12 (20.3)	1 (Reference)	—
38–43	6 (20.0)	15 (25.4)	0.54 (0.14–1.98)	—
44–50	4 (13.3)	18 (30.5)	0.31 (0.07–1.21)	—
>50	11 (36.7)	14 (23.7)	1.05 (0.32–3.48)	—
Ethnicity	—	—	—	0.695
Non-white	9 (29.0)	21 (35.6)	1 (Reference)	—
White	22 (71.0)	38 (64.4)	1.34 (0.53–3.59)	—
Educational level	—	—	—	0.389
Elementary	3 (9.68)	2 (3.33)	1 (Reference)	—
High school	8 (25.8)	13 (21.7)	0.43 (0.04–3.44)	—
Graduate	20 (64.5)	45 (75.0)	0.31 (0.03–2.18)	—
Contact with cats in the penitentiary	—	—	—	0.434
No	13 (48.1)	20 (36.4)	1 (Reference)	—
Yes	14 (51.9)	35 (63.6)	0.62 (0.24–1.60)	—
Meals provided by the penitentiary	—	—	—	0.242
No	12 (40.0)	15 (25.4)	1 (Reference)	—
Yes	18 (60.0)	44 (74.6)	0.52 (0.20–1.34)	—
Consuming of water in the penitentiary	—	—	—	0.988
No	7 (22.6)	12 (20.0)	1 (Reference)	—
Yes	24 (77.4)	48 (80.0)	0.85 (0.30–2.59)	—
Historic of raw meat ingestion	—	—	—	0.593
No	20 (66.7)	35 (58.3)	1 (Reference)	—
Yes	10 (33.3)	25 (41.7)	0.71 (0.27–1.76)	—
Historic of miscarriage	—	—	—	0.365
No	24 (88.9)	43 (79.6)	1 (Reference)	—
Yes	3 (11.1)	11 (20.4)	0.51 (0.10–1.86)	—