One-Health Challenge in H9N2 Avian Influenza: Novel Human-Avian Reassortment Virus in Guangdong Province, China

Figure 1

H9N2 AIV epidemiological survey performed from 2017 to July 2023 in worldwide. (a) Number of H9N2 AIV sequences downloaded from the NCBI and GISAID gene banks from 2017 to July 2023. (b) Global geographic location and population distribution of H9N2 viruses. (c) Distribution of H9N2 virus hosts. (d) Geographic and quantitative distributions of H9N2 viruses in China. The dotted lines indicate the three major migration routes through China. (e) Positive isolation rate of AIV in China, 2017–July 2023: Northeast China (Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning), North China (Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shanxi, Inner Mongolia), Northwest China (Shaanxi, Gansu, Qinghai, Ningxia, Xinjiang), Central China (Henan, Hubei, Hunan), Eastern China (Shandong, Jiangsu, Anhui, Shanghai, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Taiwan), Southern China (Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Hong Kong, Macau) and Southwest China (Chongqing, Guizhou, Yunnan, Tibet, Sichuan).

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)