Endoscopic Nipple- or Skin-Sparing Mastectomy and Immediate Breast Reconstruction with Endoscopic Harvesting of the Latissimus Dorsi Flap: A Preliminary Experience of an Innovative Technique
Table 1
Clinical characteristics of the patients.
Parameter
Mean ± SD or No. (%)
Age, years
38.7 ± 7.5
Median follow-up period, range, months
7.5 (1–23)
BMI (kg/m2)
21.3 ± 2.7
Active tobacco use
0 (0)
Diabetes
0 (0)
Tumor location
Left
7 (46.7)
Right
8 (53.3)
Pathological types
Invasive carcinoma
10 (50)
Carcinoma in situ
9 (45)
Other type
1 (5)
T
Tis
5 (33.3)
T1
5 (25.0)
T2
9 (5.0)
T3a
1 (5.0)
N
N0
16 (80.0)
N1
4 (20.0)
Cup size
A-B
10 (50.0)
C
7 (35.0)
>C
3 (15.0)
Degree of breast ptosisb
I
7 (35.0)
II
4 (20.0)
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy
4 (20.0)
Abbreviations. BMI: body mass index; SD: standard deviation. a The 1 large unicentric carcinoma shrank to <5 cm after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. b Regnault breast ptosis grade, 9 patients with no breast ptosis.
