Some Insights into Analytical Bias Involved in the Application of Grab Sampling for Volatile Organic Compounds: A Case Study against Used Tedlar Bags
Table 2
Concentrations of individual compounds (in ppbC unit) along with TVOC concentration and D/T values.
(a) Polar compounds
Sample no.
ATM
AAD
AT
AN
BT
DC
EAC
EA
IA
MB
MEK
PT
PH
THF
1
45.9
761
0.61
217
591
0.51
35.7
36072
116
1863
0.42
31894
0.42
1170
0.51
2
43.8
426
5.52
475
0.89
0.51
78.5
332
334
91.5
0.42
53.3
0.42
911
177
3
36.7
181
0.61
229
981
0.51
66.5
225
671
74.3
0.42
26.5
0.42
483
169
4
17.0
236
12.0
121
499
0.51
25.4
18.4
49.1
88.0
0.42
28.5
0.42
985
28.0
5
54.3
77.8
0.61
474
537
19.3
65.5
221
560
96.7
10.2
35.8
26.6
236
111
6
56.1
322
8.09
342
1089
15.2
86.5
458
865
103.8
61.9
38.8
0.42
1042
210
7
18.1
66.5
0.61
124
604
3.04
30.9
8.36
44.0
35.6
0.42
9.40
0.42
413
33.0
8
71.9
257
0.61
722
862
33.7
29.4
8.95
39.4
0.61
34.4
492
0.42
1074
39.6
9
117
63.4
0.61
0.63
743
5128
26.5
1.40
40.0
14.9
3291
0.57
10637
207
0.51
10
41.8
223
0.61
337
597
0.51
54.9
169
197
49.7
0.42
35.6
0.42
716
116
11
59.8
237
7.53
241
850
10.7
40.5
3.92
60.5
38.3
15.0
162
0.42
390
125
12
10.2
103
3.91
215
755
5.56
44.3
6.81
61.3
23.9
0.42
19.1
8.27
205
59.8
13
33.8
310
0.61
341
985
0.51
75.7
56321
121
345
0.42
90224
0.42
695
86.3
14
16.8
156
4.03
172
836
545
37.8
0.41
48.8
17.5
441
6.11
1224
281
36.5
15
17.7
78.4
0.61
222
678
1551
40.5
0.41
60.6
23.8
1028
3.41
2511
152
58.6
16
26.1
57.1
0.61
0.63
618
3869
36.4
0.41
56.8
17.8
2716
0.57
6393
111
28.3
17
18.0
144
4.60
138
715
0.51
34.1
1018
44.5
170
0.42
100
0.42
350
23.9
18
7.49
108
1.72
236
561
25.9
31.7
13.0
40.3
22.2
1074
80.9
219
277
37.8
19
31.3
208
5.40
166
780
10.9
35.9
7.26
43.4
84.8
0.42
182
6.94
0.39
55.1
20
36.5
213
2.54
388
758
46.6
32.5
28.9
43.2
34.6
11083
163
285
329
28.8
21
26.1
229
0.61
213
557
6.98
47.2
268
454
79.3
39.7
45.5
12.2
486
161
22
25.8
118
0.61
203
544
0.51
47.8
143
481
81.0
0.42
16.0
0.42
311
154
23
12.7
157
0.61
434
1600
0.51
72.1
77.2
106
137
0.42
15.1
3.49
343
435
24
10.3
86.7
2.50
322
967
0.51
67.1
78.6
119
97.9
0.42
8.81
0.42
150
256
25
18.2
189
0.61
245
732
0.51
41.6
23.4
59.9
52.3
0.42
9.17
0.42
407
142
26
140
505
0.61
119
475
0.51
15.0
24308
71349
74.7
0.42
28906
0.42
2005
33.9
(b) Nonpolar compounds
Sample no.
D/Tb
TVOCc
Ba
COS
DO
EB
IB
MA
DD
OT
p-X
T
1
—
114771
0.42
0.61
0.49
0.34
0.65
0.49
220
0.32
0.43
41780
2
118
3977
10.9
0.61
34.7
47.0
86.4
23.7
541
0.32
41.9
260
3
373
3449
11.1
0.61
24.0
31.3
0.65
20.6
0.21
0.32
39.8
174
4
44.8
2631
32.0
4.76
0.49
20.5
0.65
0.49
88.4
0.32
61.2
313
5
—
2797
18.0
0.61
44.1
21.5
0.65
24.9
0.21
0.32
26.3
135
6
118
4983
0.42
0.61
15.4
35.7
0.65
40.9
0.21
0.32
48.0
144
7
—
1503
2.03
5.30
0.49
0.34
14.5
11.4
73.0
0.32
3.97
0.41
8
120
4459
178.2
3.25
0.49
51.4
54.2
148
60.5
0.32
85.6
212
9
—
20709
48.0
0.61
7.41
0.34
0.65
0.49
47.3
28.3
100
205
10
250
3488
9.78
0.61
37.5
51.6
35.5
12.8
518
5.86
39.4
238
11
557
2572
20.5
10.8
17.0
20.1
28
7.94
80.9
48.0
16.3
80.4
12
65.8
2103
288
5.56
0.49
9.86
30.2
0.49
121
0.32
21.2
104
13
250
174092
0.42
23.1
40.5
0.34
30.2
0.49
0.21
159
0.43
24298
14
208
4016
8.14
9.16
13.9
0.34
0.65
0.49
59.9
43.87
14.3
42.3
15
2080
6585
13.2
5.76
13.8
0.34
0.65
0.49
54.1
0.32
21.9
47.6
16
—
14099
24.6
6.95
0.49
0.34
41.1
0.49
0.21
0.32
35.7
57.3
17
—
14195
49.7
11.9
0.49
1103
28.3
6.18
78.2
678
3950
5528
18
250
2978
0.42
7.38
22.8
0.34
36.3
0.49
88.4
34.6
7.27
43.4
19
—
3161
12.4
7.95
0.49
986
34.2
4.52
16.5
40.2
290
152
20
—
13670
0.42
4.21
0.49
0.34
0.65
0.49
91.2
36.5
8.53
54.2
21
—
2784
0.42
0.61
0.49
13.8
0.65
22.1
0.21
0.32
20.6
100
22
144
2275
0.42
0.61
0.49
11.1
0.65
13.0
0.21
0.32
15.8
105
23
—
4203
5.00
0.61
8.13
13.8
91.5
4.41
479
48.7
19.7
138
24
—
2682
3.46
0.61
6.81
7.68
110
3.89
221
35.2
12.2
115
25
208
2442
5.87
0.61
7.73
10.5
76.8
0.49
249
34.4
13.0
123
26
65.8
135404
0.42
6.70
0.49
0.34
0.65
0.49
398
0.32
0.43
7063
aFor acronyms see Table 1.
bD/T Dilution to threshold ratio. (For some bags, D/T ratio was not measured and show with “—” marking.)
cTVOC: Total VOC (sum of 25 target VOCs in this study) in ppmC.
