The Scientific World Journal

Clinical Study

Polymerized-Type I Collagen Downregulates Inflammation and Improves Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Symptomatic Knee Osteoarthritis Following Arthroscopic Lavage: A Randomized, Double-Blind, and Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial

Table 4

PBMCs proinflammatory, anti-inflammatory cytokine production and Foxp3-expressing T cells.
Healthy controls ( 𝑛 = 1 3 ) Placebo ( 𝑛 = 9 )Polymerized-type I collagen ( 𝑛 = 1 0 )
Baseline3 months6 months3 months6 months
CD4+/CD14−/IL-1β+(%); mean ± SD1.1 ± 0.31.8 ± 0.33.5 ± 1.92.6 ± 0.61.1 ± 0.21.8 ± 0.4
Median0.91.32.02.11.11.5
Range(0.0–3.4)(0.2–4.8)(1.0–14.5)(1.6–6.7)(0.1–2.0)(1.0–4.2)
CD4−/CD14+/IL-1β+(%); mean ± SD3.97 ± 0.74.9 ± 1.54.8 ± 1.38.5 ± 2.45.3 ± 1.03.3 ± 0.6*
Median3.72.43.96.95.83.1
Range(0.8–8.0)(0.2–18.1)(0.8–12.8)(1.5–18.7)(0.6–8.1)(0.8–6.1)
CD4+/CD14+/IL-1β+(%); mean ± SD0.9 ± 0.30.8 ± 0.41.0 ± 0.32.9 ± 2.01.1 ± 0.41.0 ± 0.3
Median0.80.70.62.10.70.8
Range(0.1–2.1)(0.1–3.7)(0.3–2.5)(1.0–6.6)(0.2–3.7)(0.1–2.5)
CD4+/CD14−/TNF-α+(%); mean ± SD0.6 ± 0.11.7 ± 0.41.3 ± 0.42.3 ± 0.62.2 ± 0.71.2 ± 0.3
Median0.61.51.01.51.51.3
Range(0.0–1.9)(0.2–4.5)(0.2–2.7)(0.9–5.6)(0.5–5.5)(0.3–2.7)
CD4−/CD14+/TNF-α+(%); mean ± SD3.8 ± 0.74.7 ± 1.27.5 ± 2.35.6 ± 1.23.6 ± 0.93.5 ± 0.8
Median4.12.46.95.33.42.7
Range(0.6–9.5)(0.2–17.2)(0.3–17.2)(1.4–9.7)(0.7–7.2)(0.7–8.1)
CD4+/CD14+/TNF-α+(%); mean ± SD0.8 ± 0.20.7 ± 0.21.1 ± 0.61.2 ± 0.21.5 ± 0.50.9 ± 0.2
Median0.70.50.31.11.31.0
Range(0.1–2.1)(0.1–2.5)(0.2–4.6)(0.4–2.1)(0.3–3.7)(0.1–2.0)
CD4+/CD14−/IL-10+(%); mean ± SD2.3 ± 0.92.4 ± 0.51.4 ± 0.41.9 ± 0.52.7 ± 0.92.5 ± 0.5
Median2.31.50.91.41.52.5
Range(0.2–4.6)(0.3–7.1)(0.2–3.0)(0.2–3.8)(0.2–7.6)(0.4–4.5)
CD4−/CD14+/IL-10+(%); mean ± SD9.2 ± 1.15.0 ± 1.33.3 ± 0.83.8 ± 0.93.9 ± 1.115.2 ± 3.3*
Median8.92.43.53.93.514.7
Range(3.2–10.2)(0.2–19.4)(0.3–6.1)(0.7–7.5)(0.8–10.2)(4.0–30.3)
CD4+/CD14+/IL-10+(%); mean ± SD1.2 ± 0.30.9 ± 0.40.6 ± 0.21.0 ± 0.30.5 ± 0.11.2 ± 0.1
Median1.10.40.50.60.41.2
Range(0.2–1.6)(0.1–6.7)(0.0–1.6)(0.1–2.6)(0.1–0.8)(0.5–1.7)
CD4+/CD14−/Foxp3+(%); mean ± SD3.8 ± 0.52.5 ± 0.82.2 ± 0.52.0 ± 0.32.5 ± 0.63.3 ± 0.3*
Median3.51.52.02.01.93.1
Range(2.1–8.8)(0.1–14.2)(0.5–4.3)(0.8–3.2)(1.1–5.6)(2.2–4.7)
CD8+/IL-1β+(%); mean ± SD3.1 ± 1.12.5 ± 0.84.9 ± 1.51.4 ± 0.42.3 ± 0.5
Median1.01.73.61.32.4
Range(0.2–15.0)(0.7–8.4)(1.6–14.5)(0.1–3.0)(0.7–4.5)
CD8+/TNF-α+(%); mean ± SD2.9 ± 0.72.1 ± 0.83.4 ± 1.51.4 ± 0.31.8 ± 0.4
Median1.90.80.81.21.5
Range(0.2–11.8)(0.0–7.6)(0.2–11.3)(0.1–2.7)(0.6–3.5)
CD8+/IFN-γ+(%); mean ± SD7.4 ± 1.56.7 ± 1.63.7 ± 0.64.4 ± 0.93.3 ± 0.7
Median4.65.63.03.83.0
Range(0.5–18.8)(1.2–17.4)(2.2–6.8)(0.8–8.1)(1.1–6.9)
CD8+/CD28−/Foxp3+(%); mean ± SD2.9 ± 0.66.9 ± 1.34.3 ± 0.84.7 ± 1.06.9 ± 1.1*6.5 ± 1.0
Median3.14.04.53.96.96.4
Range(0.2–6.2)(0.5–18.0)(1.3–9.3)(1.3–9.9)(2.4–9.6)(3.1–11.4)