Preconcentration of Trace Amounts of Pb(II) Ions without Any Chelating Agent by Using Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles prior to ETAAS Determination

Table 3

Determination of lead in real samples.

Sample	Lead amount (ng mL^−1)		Recovery (%)
	Added	Found*
Tap water	0.0; 5.0	5.6±0.3; 10.5±0.6	—; 98.0
Mineral water 1	0.0; 5.0	6.9±0.4; 12.1±0.7	—; 104.0
Seawater	0.0; 5.0	4.7±0.3; 9.8±0.7	—; 102.0
River water, Kohpayeh,; Kerman	0.0; 5.0	2.9±0.2; 7.7±0.7	—; 96.0
Urine	0.0; 1.0	0.073±0.004; 1.085±0.068	—; 101.2

*Average ± standard deviation (𝑛=3).