Preconcentration of Trace Amounts of Pb(II) Ions without Any Chelating Agent by Using Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles prior to ETAAS Determination

Table 4

Comparison of the proposed methods with the other method.

Enrichment method	Detection method	Sample volume (mL)	Detection limit (ng mL^−1)	Reference
SPE	ETAAS	100	0.11	[5]
HF-LLSMET*	ETAAS	20	7.0	[33]
—	ETAAS	2 g blood	1.77	[34]
Slurry	ETAAS	0.02	0.4	[35]
SPE	ICP-OES	3	1.13	[36]
SPE	ETAAS	50	0.8	This work

*Hollow-fiber liquid-liquid-solid microextraction technique.