Short-Term Effects of Land Leveling on Irrigation-Related Some Soil Properties in a Clay Loam Soil
Table 1
The effect of land leveling on some selected soil properties from both 0–20 cm (surface soil) and 20–40 cm (subsurface soil). Means, standard errors, coefficients of variation, and the changes in coefficients of variation (ΔCV) of pre- and postleveling soil properties for both surface and subsurface soils were reported. Asterisks next to postleveling means represent significant differences between pre- and postleveling measurements caused by land leveling. These asterisks were determined after paired t-test ().
Soil parameter
Surface soil
Subsurface soil
Preleveling
Postleveling
ΔCV+ (%)
Preleveling
Postleveling
ΔCV (%)
Mean
S. error
CVpre
Mean
S. error
CVpost
Mean
S. error
CVpre
Mean
S. error
CVpost
BD (g cm−3)
1.40
0.03
11.01
1.68***
0.02
5.47
−50
1.59
0.02
7.67
1.67***
0.01
4.73
−38
Sand (%)
43.88
1.37
17.16
44.36
1.17
14.50
−16
44.00
1.42
17.73
46.88
2.24
26.22
48
Silt (%)
28.33
0.98
18.87
28.33
0.59
11.39
−40
28.02
0.87
17.07
27.44
1.19
23.83
40
Clay (%)
27.79
0.94
18.46
27.31
0.72
14.36
−22
27.72
0.85
16.74
25.67*
1.29
27.54
65
pH
8.02
0.01
0.74
8.21***
0.02
1.08
45
7.92
0.02
1.12
8.21***
0.03
1.82
63
EC (dS m−1)
0.187
0.01
18.66
0.198
0.01
21.90
17
0.246
0.01
23.49
0.216*
0.01
27.37
17
FC (%wt)
26.0
0.37
7.77
24.9**
0.53
11.56
49
25.1
0.46
9.99
24.4
0.80
17.94
80
PWP (%wt)
17.8
0.45
13.96
15.0***
0.35
12.78
−8.5
16.8
0.48
15.80
15.0**
0.64
23.33
48
WHC (mm)
22.7
0.76
18.40
33.1***
1.19
19.66
6.8
26.2
0.87
18.25
31.4***
1.06
18.45
1.1
+: ΔCV = 100 × [CVpost − CVpre]/CVpre. *: 0.01 < P ≤ 0.05. **: 0.001 < P ≤ 0.01. ***: P ≤ 0.001.
