The Role of Disease Activity Score 28 in the Evaluation of Articular Involvement in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Table 1

Main demographic, clinical, laboratory, and therapeutic features of the SLE patients () enrolled in the present study.

	Disease history	At the time of enrolment
Clinical manifestations (%)
Skin involvement	59.4	20.3
Oral ulcers	26.1	2.8
Serositis	24.6	4.3
Hematologic disorder	40.6	27.5
Kidney involvement	26.1	4.3
Neurologic involvement	5.8	0
Laboratory evaluation (%)
Anti-nuclear antibodies	100	94.2
Anti-double stranded DNA	73.5	34.8
Anti-Sm	35	24.6
Anti-SSA	49.2	49.3
Anti-SSB	20.2	7.2
Anticardiolipin IgG and/or IgM	46.4	17.4
Anti-β2-glycoprotein I IgG and/or IgM	27.5	7.2
Lupus anticoagulant	27.5	7.2
Low C3 and/or C4 serum levels	65.2	52.2
Drugs (%)
Hydroxychloroquine	97.1	76.8
Methotrexate	34.8	8.7
Azathioprine	34.8	11.6
Mycophenolate mofetil	28.9	17.4
Cyclosporin A	33.3	10.1
Salazopyrine	1.4	0
Rituximab	5.9	0
Cyclophosphamide	10.1	0
Steroid dosage (mg/week, median, range)	—	35 (0–175)