Research Article

Hypocholesterolemic Activity of Monascus Fermented Product in the Absence of Monacolins with Partial Purification for Functional Food Applications

Table 3

Evaluation of hypocholesterolemic effect by ethanolic extract of M. purpureus FTC5391 fermented broth cultivated using modified inducer sporulation medium to experimental rats.

GroupTC mmol/LTG mmol/LHDL-C mmol/LLDL-C mmol/LTC/HDL-CAST mmol/LALT mmol/L

Basal parameters1.4 ± 0.130.67 ± 0.230.45 ± 0.140.69 ± 0.123.8 ± 0.63210.7 ± 12.245 ± 8
HChol
 Pretreatment4.7 ± 1.7a0.73 ± 0.11a0.18 ± 0.024a4 ± 1.426.4 ± 7.7a282.7 ± 43.754 ± 14.4
 Posttreatment4.5 ± 1.70.5 ± 0.1a*0.18 ± 0.04a3.4 ± 1.225 ± 8.5b323 ± 51.8b67.2 ± 11.4
HChol-E
 Pretreatment6.9 ± 1.2 b1.1 ± 0.33b0.22 ± 0.03b6 ± 2.532 ± 5.7a270 ± 44.350 ± 17.6
 Posttreatment3.9 ± 0.72*0.63 ± 0.12a*0.29 ± 0.03b*3.2 ± 0.6*14.3 ± 3.6a*216.7 ± 18a*51.2 ± 11.4
HChol-D
 Pretreatment7.9 ± 2.2b0.92 ± 0.36ab0.17 ± 0.03a6.4 ± 347.7 ± 18b239 ± 2151 ± 5.8
 Posttreatment3.8 ± 1.2*0.59 ± 0.23 a*0.25 ± 0.06ab*3.3 ± 1.2*16.6 ± 7ab*265.8 ± 47ab54.5 ± 15.8
HChol-C
 Pretreatment6.8 ± 1.7b1.1 ± 0.38ab0.25 ± 0.05ab6 ± 2.528.6 ± 9.3a235 ± 50.750.5 ± 15.6
 Posttreatment4.7 ± 0.92*1.5 ± 0.33b0.25 ± 0.08ab4.3 ± 0.6*23 ± 8.7b283.5 ± 45b56.2 ± 16

Hchol: high-cholesterol diet; HChol-E: high-cholesterol diet treatment by ethanolic extract submerged medium fermentation [sucrose (100 g/L), yeast extract (2.3 g/L), casamino acid (5 g/L), NaNO3 (1.2 g/L), KNO3 (1.6 g/L), KH2PO4 (1 g/L), MgSO4·7H2O (0.5 g/L), KCl (0.5 g/L), FeSO4 (0.01 g/L), potato starch (1.3 g/L), dextrose (17.3 g/L)]; Hchol-D: treatment by Atorvastatin and Hchol-C: red yeast rice commercial supplement treatment, data are presented as means ± SD ( ). Mean values within each column with different superscripts are significantly different ( ); *: shows significant different in column at ( ) as compared to before treatment. TC: total cholesterol; TG: triglyceride; AST: aspartate aminotransferase; ALT: alanine transaminase; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.