Research Article

The Expanded Invasive Weed Optimization Metaheuristic for Solving Continuous and Discrete Optimization Problems

Table 3

The parameters of exIWO and IWO used for minimization of the sphere function.

DescriptionValue (exIWO)Value (IWO)

Population cardinality2020
Execution time limit (stop criterion) [s]55
Initialization of the first populationRandom Random
Maximum number of seeds sowed by a weed 45
Minimum number of seeds sowed by a weed 00
Initial value of standard deviation 0.13
Final value of standard deviation 0.0010.001
Nonlinear modulation factor 103
Number of neighbours and neighbourhoods examined during the rolling down1—
Probability of the dispersing 0.31
Probability of the spreading 0.30
Probability of the rolling down 0.40
Selection methodGlobal Global