Research Article
Advantage Management Strategy in Competition via Technological Race Perspective: Empirical Evidence from the Taiwanese Manufacturing Industry
Table 3
Justification of variables.
| | Variables | Source | Justification of variables |
| | R&D expenditure (RD_E) | Taiwan Industry Economics Services (TIES) | This study uses R&D expenditure as a proxy for innovation. |
| | R&D turnovers (RD_T) | Taiwan Industry Economics Services (TIES) | The study uses R&D turnovers to calculate the competition level. |
| | Turnovers (Tur) | Taiwan Industry Economics Services (TIES) | This study uses turnovers to calculate the Market Share and Lerner index. |
| | Capital (Cap) | Taiwan Industry Economics Services (TIES) | Size of firms |
| | Patent (Pat) | Taiwan Industrial Property Office (TIPO) | The relationship between number of patents and R&D expenditure |
| | Competition (Comp) | Taiwan Industry Economics Services (TIES) | Market share and the Lerner index are two main indicators to measure market. The study chooses it to calculate in the real world |
| | Employee (Emp) | Taiwan Industry Economics Services (TIES) | This study uses employee to measure the firm size |
| | Gross profit (GP) | Taiwan Industry Economics Services (TIES) | Market share and Lerner index |
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