Chemical Composition of Essential Oils Obtained from Heteromorpha arborescens (Spreng.) Cham. and Schltdl Leaves Using Two Extraction Methods

Table 1

Chemical constituents of essential oils obtained from H. arborescens leaves by hydrodistillation and solvent-free microwave extraction methods.

S/N	Chemical compounds	Class of compounds	KI	RT	HD (%)	SFME (%)
1	3-Thujene	MH	932	3.805	0.21	—
2	α-Pinene	MH	936	3.893	6.0	4.41
3	Camphene	MH	948	4.028	4.28	0.58
4	2-Thujene	MH	952	4.195	2.33	—
5	β-Myrcene	MH	983	4.293	8.49	—
6	α-Phellandrene	MH	998	4.463	6.33	1.78
7	3-Carene	MH	1002	4.509	1.88	—
8	D-limonene	MH	1027	4.658	11.27	—
9	Β-ocimene	MH	1050	4.771	9.09	6.30
10	Β-pinene	MH	973	4.236	—	10.68
11	(−)-Myrtenal	MH	1488	5.998	0.72	—
12	o-Cymene	SH	1011	5.376	—	0.42
13	α-Copaene	SH	1390	7.314	3.30	2.30
14	β-cymene	SH	1026	5.038	1.31	0.47
16	Caryophyllene	SH	1419	7.644	5.96	3.64
17	β-Copaene	SH	1102	7.691	2.77	0.44
18	β-Gurjurene	SH	1089	7.393	—	1.42
19	Γ-Terpinene	MH	987	4.896	1.30	—
20	(+)-4-Carene	MH	998	5.127	3.80	—
21	Aromandendrene	SH	1106	7.772	0.31	1.52
22	α-Humulene	SH	1446	7.869	5.55	—
23	γ-Muurolene	SH	1442	7.967	—	2.38
24	D-germacrene	SH	1481	8.035	8.92	5.09
25	γ-Elemene	SH	1508	8.127	—	6.18
26	β-Cadinene	SH	1126	8.246	2.24	3.98
27	α-Calacorene	SH	1133	8.406	—	1.12
28	(-)-Palustrol	OM	1141	8.603	—	0.96
30	(-)4-Terpinol	OM	1182	5.837	0.69	—
31	α-Terpineol	OM	1197	5.920	0.30	—
32	Spatulenol	OS	1530	8.646	—	1.78
33	3,4-Nonadiene	MH	1048	6.143	0.16	—
34	Geraniol	OM	1065	6.319	0.10	—
35	Caryophyllene oxide	OS	1574	8.696	—	2.0
36	Ledol	OM	1148	8.751	—	2.77
37	Ledene	SH	1151	8.820	—	1.64
38	Isoledene	SH	1375	7.795	0.93	—
39	β-Cubenene	SH	1470	8.329	0.12	—
40	Nerodiol	OS	1133	8.407	0.87	—
41	β-Selinene	SH	1143	8.638	0.10	—
43	Napthalene	SH	1155	8.917	0.34	0.74
44	α-Cardinol	OM	1161	9.063	0.24	—
45	2-Isopropyl-5-methyl-9-methylene[4,4.0]dec-1-ene	SH	1159	8.990	0.41	—
46	Phytol	OD	1949	11.289	0.63	—
47	α-Himachalene	SH	1158	8.983	—	1.98
48	γ-Gurjunene	SH	1163	9.092	—	1.57
49	Valencene	SH	1410	2.09	—	2.09
50	α-Bulnesene	SH	1240	10.889	—	1.16
51	Kaur-16-ene	OD	1214	10.994	—	0.91
52	D-Citral	OM	368	10.563	—	0.10
	Monoterpene hydrocarbons				57.17	23.75
	Sesquiterpenes				36.29	38.64
	Oxygenated compounds				2.96	8.52

MH- monoterpenes hydrocarbons, SH- sesquiterpenes hydrocarbons, OD- oxygenated diterpenes, OM- oxygenated monoterpenes, OS- oxygenated sesquiterpenes, KI- Kovatz Index, RT- retention time.