Heavy Metals Accumulation in Water and Human Health Risk Assessment via the Consumption of Labeobarbus intermedius Samples from Borkena River, Ethiopia

Table 4

Comparison of the mean (±SD) heavy metal concentrations in the Borkena River water with guidelines and other literature (ppm).

Guidelines/locality	Cu	Cr	Cd	Pb	References
WHO	2	0.05	0.01	0.05	WHO [37]
EPA	1.3	0.05	0.01	0.05	EPA [38]
USEPA	2.25	—	0.01	0.11	USEPA [39]
River Niger	0	—	ND	0.05	Izuchukwu Ujah et al. [40]
Liuyang River	2.90	0.73	0.07	1.20	Jia et al. [41]
Swarnamukhi River Basin	0.03	ND	ND	ND	Patel et al. [42]
Kali River	—	0.06	0.06	0.13	Mishra et al. [43]
Dawudo	0.030 ±0 .010	ND	0.0200 ± 0	ND	This study
Mishion bahir	0.027 ±0 .006	0.0333 ± 0.012	0.0200 ± 0	ND	This study
Harbu	0.023 ±0 .006	ND	0.0200 ± 0	ND	This study
Chereti	0.017 ±0 .006	ND	0.023 ±0 .006	ND	This study

ND represents not detected.