Research Article
The Impact of Classical Cardiovascular Risk Factors on Hospitalization and Mortality among Hajj Pilgrims
Table 1
Characteristics of the study population of Hajj pilgrims from East Java, Indonesia, from 2017 to 2019.
| | Variable | 2017 (n = 21488) | 2018 (n = 23865) | 2019 (n = 26725) | value (χ2 test/ANOVA) | Post hoc test | value (Mann–Whitney) |
| | Men | 10018 (46.6) | 11254 (47.2) | 12535 (46.9) | 0.521 | | | | Women | 11470 (53.4) | 12611 (52.8) | 14190 (53.1) | | | | Age (years) | 54.0 (11.3) | 53.8 (10.8) | 54.14 (11.8) | 0.145 | | | | 18–40 | 2369 (11.0) | 2473 (10.4) | 3086 (11.5) | <0.001 | | | | 41–49 | 5082 (23.7) | 5499 (23.0) | 5902 (22.1) | | | | 50–59 | 7490 (34.9) | 8860 (37.1) | 9442 (35.3) | | | | ≥60 | 6547 (30.5) | 7033 (29.5) | 8295 (31.0) | | | | SBP (mmHg) | 127.3 (20.4) | 127.9 (20.5) | 128.4 (21.0) | <0.001 | 2017 vs. 2018 | 0.001 | | 2017 vs. 2019 | <0.001 | | 2018 vs. 2019 | 0.045 | | DBP (mmHg) | 80.4 (10.2) | 80.5 (10.2) | 80.3 (10.4) | 0.006 | 2017 vs. 2018 | 0.232 | | 2017 vs. 2019 | 0.660 | | 2018 vs. 2019 | 0.002 | | Nonhypertension | 10000 (46.5) | 15376 (64.4) | 1282 (4.8) | <0.001 | | | | HT grade I | 7612 (35.4) | 5491 (23.0) | 6936 (26.0) | | | | HT grade II | 2785 (13.0) | 2200 (9.2) | 5129 (19.2) | | | | HT grade III | 1091 (5.1) | 798 (3.3) | 3614 (13.5) | | | | BMI | 25.3 (4.6) | 25.3 (4.5) | 25.3 (4.6) | 0.349 | | | | Underweight | 974 (4.5) | 953 (4.0) | 1282 (4.8) | 0.002 | | | | Normal | 5686 (26.5) | 6245 (26.2) | 6936 (26) | | | | Overweight | 4130 (19.2) | 4663 (19.5) | 5129 (19.2) | | | | Obesity class I | 7885 (36.7) | 8872 (13.1) | 9764 (36.5) | | | | Obesity class II | 2813 (13.1) | 3132 (13.1) | 3614 (13.5) | | | | PPG levels (mg/dL) | 136.9 (63.4) | 138.0 (62.4) | 138.6 (63.8) | <0.001 | 2017 vs. 2018 | <0.001 | | 2017 vs. 2019 | <0.001 | | 2018 vs. 2019 | 0.776 | | Diabetes | 2340 (10.9) | 2556 (10.7) | 2985 (11.2) | 0.247 | | | | Smoking history | 2987 (13.9) | 3420 (14.3) | 3982 (14.9) | 0.007 | | | | Hospitalization | 173 (0.8) | 230 (1.0) | 297 (1.1) | 0.003 | | | | Mortality | 77 (0.4) | 42 (0.2) | 54 (0.2) | <0.001 | | |
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