Research Article

Obstacles of Online Learning Facing Nursing Students after the COVID-19 Pandemic

Table 4

Mann–Whitney test for subscale differences based on participants’ characteristics.

CharacteristicsOutcome variableGroupNMean rankMann–Whitney UZP value

GenderAcademic obstaclesMale99148.309732−1.880.060
Female226169.44
Technological obstaclesMale99149.899889−1.670.095
Female226168.74
Administrative obstaclesMale99155.7410486.5−0.930.354
Female226166.18

Study programAcademic obstaclesRegular159187.569291.5−4.64≤0.001
Bridging166139.47
Technological obstaclesRegular159180.6510390.5−3.320.001
Bridging166146.09
Administrative obstaclesRegular159189.149040.5−4.94≤0.001
Bridging166137.96

UniversityAcademic obstaclesGovernmental105205.426990.5−5.75≤0.001
Private219141.92
Technological obstaclesGovernmental105190.478560.5−3.73≤0.001
Private219149.09
Administrative obstaclesGovernmental105205.676964.5−5.78≤0.001
Private219141.80