Analysis of Blood Biochemistry of Free Ranging and Human-Managed Southern White Rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum simum) Using the i-STAT Alinity v®

Table 2

Descriptive statistics and ionized calcium reference interval for biochemical values in free ranging and managed southern white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum simum) analyzed via the handheld analyzer.

Biochemistry	RI	Free ranging							Managed
		n	Mean	±	SEM	Median	Min	Max	n	Mean	±	SEM	Median	Min	Max
Na (mmol/L)	—	30	131.1	±	0.58	131	125	137	10	132.5	±	0.67	133	128	135
K (mmol/L)	—	30	5.70	±	0.15^b	5.35	4.5	7.3	10	4.24	±	0.08^c	4.3	3.8	4.6
Cl (mmol/L)	—	30	95.37	±	0.64	96	90	102	10	92.60	±	0.88	93	88	96
TCO2 (mmol/L)	—	30	27.17	±	0.99	28.5	11	34	10	30.30	±	0.87	30	26	34
BUN (mg/dL)	—	30	15.8	±	0.51^b	16	10	20	10	8.1	±	1.03^c	6.5	5	13
Creatinine (mg/dL)	—	30	1.53	±	0.03^b	1.55	1.3	1.9	10	1.29	±	0.08^c	1.35	0.8	1.7
Glucose (mg/dL)	—	30	125.0	±	5.61^b	121	82	194	10	89.5	±	11.05^c	74.5	70	181
AnGap (mmol/L)	—	30	15.3	±	0.78	15	10	26	10	14.8	±	0.66	15.5	12	17
Hct (%)	—	27	44.44	±	1.30^b	44	37	71	10	34.60	±	1.96^c	33	29	48
Hgb (g/dL)	—	27	15.11	±	0.44^b	15	12.6	24.1	10	11.75	±	0.66^c	11.2	9.9	16.3
iCa (mmol/L)	1.36–1.56	30	1.43	±	0.02^b	1.46	1.19	1.57	10	1.52	±	0.01^c	1.52	1.46	1.57

Values in the same row with different superscripts are significantly different (). RI: reference interval; SEM: standard error of the mean.