Veterinary Medicine International

Research Article

Blood Reference Intervals for Antillean Manatees (Trichechus manatus manatus) from Puerto Rico

Table 2

Mean and standard deviation hematology values for Antillean manatees from Puerto Rico for all age classes (calves, subadults, and adults; n = 70): calves only, n = 23; subadults only, n = 6; and adults only, n = 41, with ±1 standard deviation ranges in parentheses. Significant differences using values between calves and adults are indicated with an asterisk ().


Parameter	All manatee samples		Calves		Subadults		Adults		value
Parameter	Mean ± SD	Range	Mean ± SD	Range	Mean ± SD	Range	Mean ± SD	Range	Calves vs. adults

WBC (10⁹/L)	6.0 ± 2.0	(4.0–8.0)	7.3 ± 2.0	(5.3–9.3)	4.9 ± 1.8	(3.1–6.7)	5.4 ± 1.7	(3.8–7.1)	0.004
RBC (10⁶/mm³)	2.7 ± 0.6	(2.1–3.3)	3.4 ± 0.4	(3.0–3.8)	2.3 ± 0.1	(2.2–2.4)	2.3 ± 0.02	(2.1–2.6)	≤0.001
HBG (g/dL)	11.2 ± 2.3	(9.0–14)	13.8 ± 1.5	(12–15)	9.4 ± 0.5	(8.9–9.8)	9.8 ± 0.8	(8.9–11)	≤0.001
HCT (%)	34.6 ± 6.4	(28–41)	41.6 ± 4.1	(38–46)	30.3 ± 4.0	(26–34)	30.7 ± 3.5	(27–34)	≤0.001
PLTS (10³/mm³)	298.3 ± 91.3	(207–390)	306.7 ± 112.9	(194–420)	390.0 ± 79.4	(311–469)	283.8 ± 80.0	(204–364)	0.563
Red blood cell indices
MCV (fL)	128.6 ± 8.2	(120–137)	124.5 ± 7.2	(117–132)	124.9 ± 8.1	(117–133)	131.7 ± 7.7	(124–140)	0.001
MCH (pg)	41.1 ± 1.4	(40–43)	40.9 ± 1.7	(39–43)	40.6 ± 0.7	(40–41)	41.3 ± 1.2	(40–43)	0.424
MCHC (g/dL)	32.2 ± 1.2	(31–34)	32.5 ± 1.2	(31–34)	32.5 ± 1.5	(31–34)	32.0 ± 1.3	(31–33)	0.124
RDW (%)	18.0 ± 2.8	(15–21)	17.9 ± 2.8	(15–21)	17.2 ± 2.1	(15–19)	18.2 ± 2.9	(15–21)	0.681
White blood cell differential
LYMP (%)	42.8 ± 14.5	(28–57)	38.2 ± 16.5	(22–55)	54.0 ± 8.0	(46–62)	44.2 ± 13.0	(31–57)	0.165
MONO (%)	3.6 ± 2.3	(1–6)	4.1 ± 2.7	(1–7)	2.5 ± 1.7	(1–4)	3.5 ± 2.2	(1–6)	0.414
EOSI (%)	1.0 ± 1.4	(0–3)	0.6 ± 1.1	(0–2)	2.3 ± 2.1	(0–4)	1.1 ± 1.5	(0–3)	0.118
BASO (%)	0.3 ± 0.5	(0–1)	0.0 ± 0.2	(0–0)	0.5 ± 0.6	(0–1)	0.5 ± 0.6	(0–1)	≤0.001
HETE (%)	52.3 ± 14.7	(38–67)	57.1 ± 16.9	(40–74)	40.8 ± 7.5	(33–48)	50.7 ± 13.0	(38–64)	0.145

Note. WBC = white blood cell count, RBC = red blood cell count, HBG = hemoglobin, HCT = hematocrit, PLTS = platelet count, MCV = mean corpuscular volume, MCH = mean corpuscular hemoglobin, MCHC = mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, RDW = red cell distribution width, LYMP = lymphocytes, MONO = monocytes, EOSI = eosinophils, BASO = basophils, and HETE = heterophils.