Listeria Species Occurrence and Associated Risk Factors and Antibiogram of Listeria Monocytogenes in Milk and Milk Products in Ambo, Holeta, and Bako Towns, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia

Table 5

Results of Chi-square analysis of the association between the prevalence of Listeria species in bulk tank milk, curdled milk, and cottage cheese and potential risk factors for contamination.

Variable	Categories	Number tested	Number of positive sample	Prevalence (%)	Chi-square	value
Town	Holeta	42	4	9.52	0.0382	0.981
	Bako	19	2	10.53
	Ambo	37	4	10.81
Sample type	Curdle milk	30	2	6.67	1.3931	0.498
	Cottage cheese	35	3	8.57
	Bulk tank milk	33	5	15.15
Gender of handler	Female	66	6	9.09	0.2733	0.601
	Male	32	4	12.50
Level of education	Primary	23	1	4.35	1.2869	0.732
	Illiterate	44	5	11.36
	Secondary	25	3	12.00
	College and above	6	1	16.67
Food safety information	No	32	3	9.38	0.0356	0.850
	Yes	66	7	10.61
Received training on food safety	No	70	5	7.14	2.5057	0.113
	Yes	28	5	17.86
Type of container used for handling	Stainless steel	31	3	9.68	0.0137	0.907
	Plastic	67	7	10.45