Serodiagnosis and Risk Factors Associated with Infectious Agents of Reproductive Diseases in Bovines of Chiquinquirá, District of Boyacá (Colombia)

Table 3

Possible risk factors associated with IBR, BVD, PI3, neosporosis, and leptospirosis infections and results are shown as the prevalence ratio (PR) and the 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Significance is denoted by a value of .

Disease	Variable	Category	PR	CI (95%)	value
IBR (BoHV-1)	Age group	<1 year	0.7495	0.5980–0.9394	0.012894936
		1–4 years	0.7674	0.6271–0.9394	0.008220621
		>4 years	1.5248	1.2421–1.8718	0.000289377
	Breed	Holstein	1.5617	1.2850–1.8978	0.000153039
		Jersey	1.7263	0.5556–0.9493	0.02413266
		Normande	0.6789	0.5497–0.8383	0.00069915
BVD	Age group	<1 year	0.7089	0.6311–0.7962	0.00013775
		1–4 years	1.7874	0.6983–0.8879	0.000170394
		>4 years	1.5493	1.3613–1.7632	0.00043
IBR (BoHV-1)	Reproductive events	Abortion	1.2214	0.9999–1.4921	0.032483287
		Artificial insemination (AI)	1.403	1.1440–1.7206	0.001440456
		Player loan	0.7348	0.6905–1.9143	0.006660251
		Fetal death	1.641	1.1960–2.2515	0.000443786
		Cows with a history of inseminations without reproductive success	1.4844	1.2167–1.810	0.000170702
		Retention of the placenta	0.8238	0.637–1.0225	0.043729409
		Certified semen	0.7202	0.5788–1.6157	0.005956667
		Uncertified semen	1.8092	1.2465–2.6259	0.000248774
		Shared bull	0.6337	0.5127–0.7831	0.000136516
BVD		Dystocia	0.7429	0.6603–1.0358	0.00019478
		Natural mating	0.7551	0.5489–1.0818	0.00000006
		Uncertified semen	0.929	0.8066–1.0700	0.000675
PI3		Natural mating	1.1383	0.9914–1.3070	0.046625492
Neosporosis		Dystocia	1.1924	0.9931–1.4318	0.031627136
		Natural mating	1.3268	1.1277–1.5610	0.00082658
		Fetal death	0.6609	0.7634–1.0752	0.00046591
		Weak calves at birth	1.7133	1.2691–2.3129	0.00309215
Leptospirosis		Dystocia	0.9386	0.8790–1.0023	0.046435523
		Artificial insemination	0.9085	0.8307–1.0937	0.014191688
		Certified semen	0.9136	0.8418–0.9916	0.013243401
		Uncertified semen	0.9247	0.8596–1.0947	0.049964738