Phenotypical Identification and Toxinotyping of Clostridium perfringens Isolates from Healthy and Enteric Disease-Affected Chickens

Table 1

Oligonucleotide primer sequences and amplified PCR product sizes were used for the detection of C. perfringens and its toxin genes.

Name of bacteria and toxins	Target gene	Primers name	Primer sequences (5′-3′)	PCR product size (bp)	Ref
C. perfringens	16S RNA	ClPer-1	TAACCTGCCTCATAGAGT	481	[15]
		ClPer-2	TTT​CAC​ATC​CCA​CTT​AAT​C
Alpha (α)	cpa	CPAlphaF	GCT​AAT​GTT​ACT​GCC​GTT​GA	324	[11]
		CPAlphaR	CCT​CTG​ATA​CAT​CGT​GTA​AG
Beta (β)	cpb	CPBetaF3	GCG​AAT​ATG​CTG​AAT​CAT​CTA	195
		CPBetaR3	GCA​GGA​ACA​TTA​GTA​TAT​CTT​C
Epsilon (ε)	etx	CPEpsilonF	TGG​GAA​CTT​CGA​TAC​AAG​CA	376
		CPEpsilonR2	AAC​TGC​ACT​ATA​ATT​TCC​TTT​TCC
Iota (ι)	iap	CPIotaF2	AAT​GGT​CCT​TTA​AAT​AAT​CC	272
		CpIotaR	TTA​GCA​AAT​GCA​CTC​ATA​TT
Beta-2 (β2)	cpb2	CPBeta2totalF2	AAA​TAT​GAT​CCT​AAC​CAA​CAA	548
		CPBeta2totalR	CCAAATACTCTAATYGATGC
Enterotoxin	cpe	CPEnteroF	TTC​AGT​TGG​ATT​TAC​TTC​TG	485
		CPEnteroR	TGT​CCA​GTA​GCT​GTA​ATT​T