Individual and Herd-Level Seroprevalence in Association with Potential Risk Factors of Japanese Encephalitis in Pigs Collected from Urban, Periurban, and Rural Areas of Bali, Indonesia

Table 2

Potential association of individual animal-level risk factors of age, sex, breed, and vaccination status with test seroprevalence to JEV.

Risk factors	Number samples	Seropositive (%)	Risk ratios (95% CI)	values^#
Age
≥6 months	134	98.5	1.028 (0.99–1.00)	0.12
<6 months	309	95.8
Sex
Male	128	97	1.004 (0.97–1.00)	0.45
Female	315	96.5
Breed
Landrace	300	97.7
Others	143	96.7	1.035 (0.99–1.00)	0.14
Vaccination status^##
Unvaccinated	75	97.3
Vaccinated	368	96.7	1.006 (0.96–1.00)	0.45

RR > 1 and were further analyzed in a binary logistic regression model; As specified by farmers; ^#one-tailed Fisher’s exact test; ^##vaccination against hog cholera and/or haemorrhagic septicemia.