Semiquantitative Risk Evaluation Reveals Drivers of African Swine Fever Virus Transmission in Smallholder Pig Farms and Gaps in Biosecurity, Tanzania

Table 3

Expert opinion ranking of facilitators of ASF virus introduction and transmission to new premises for in-country and transboundary.

Facilitator	Ranking
Traders (whole pig)	1
Middlemen	2
Pig farmers	3
Transporters	4
Unauthorised animal health service providers, pork consumers, scavengers, and students	5
Traders (pork)	6
Veterinarians/para-veterinarians/livestock officers	7
Abattoir workers/butchers	8
Visitors	9
Agricultural officers/extension officers	10
Local government administrative officers	11
Border officials	12
Police and other control officers	13
Wild pig hunters	14
Feed manufacturers	15

Note. 1 = the most ranked and 15 = the least ranked. Experts’ opinions were provided based on years of experience and empirical evaluation of ASF in farms. At subnational levels, sometimes, the agricultural officers, extension officers, and ward and village administrative staff serve as animal health officers and issue animal movement permits. Full details of the reasoning behind the ranking are available in the Supplementary Table 4b.