Impact of the Antioxidant Hydroxytyrosol on the Quality of Post-Thawed Stallion Semen

Table 2

The effect of adding HT at different concentrations on acrosome integrity, plasma membrane integrity, and morphology in postthawed-frozen stallion semen.

Parameters	Control	Hydroxytyrosol (μg/1 ml)
		1.25	2.50	5.00	10.00
TM (%)	37.73 ± 1.56^b	40.71 ± 2.54^ab	47.14 ± 3.59^a	44.29 ± 3.68^ab	55.00 ± 6.45^a
PM (%)	15.35 ± 3.88	18.27 ± 3.68	18.90 ± 1.76	16.75 ± 1.14	17.75 ± 1.55
VCL (μm/s)	75.05 ± 7.00	83.62 ± 1.71	85.22 ± 1.04	83.16 ± 2.89	87.95 ± 1.15
VSL (μm/s)	21.45 ± 1.59^b	24.65 ± 1.47^ab	24.21 ± 1.03^ab	30.56 ± 6.50^a	23.62 ± 0.17^ab
VAP (μm/s)	39.37 ± 2.55	41.82 ± 0.71	43.95 ± 1.03	43.77 ± 1.27	44.25 ± 0.35
LIN (%)	30.01 ± 1.35	30.21 ± 2.43	29.05 ± 0.99	28.68 ± 0.83	27.37 ± 0.47
STR (%)	54.87 ± 1.22	59.18 ± 4.22	55.18 ± 1.32	59.01 ± 4.30	53.62 ± 0.67
WOB (%)	54.53 ± 2.36	51.05 ± 0.59	52.45 ± 0.58	51.52 ± 0.81	51.02 ± 0.22
Normal morphology (%)	77.76 ± 4.62	73.36 ± 3.89	73.85 ± 4.70	73.54 ± 2.34	73.12 ± 5.08
Major abnormalities (%)	7.58 ± 1.98	9.80 ± 1.66	7.11 ± 1.07	8.51 ± 0.93	6.51 ± 0.15
Minor abnormalities (%)	14.77 ± 3.41	16.83 ± 2.27	19.08 ± 3.61	17.94 ± 2.86	20.36 ± 4.95
HOST (%)	58.16 ± 4.04	60.56 ± 3.31	58.91 ± 4.14	65.56 ± 4.32	68.13 ± 4.83
Acrosome integrity (%)	77.98 ± 15.16^b	90.78 ± 2.25^a	92.42 ± 0.94^a	91.51 ± 0.85^a	92.93 ± 1.04^a

^a,b,abValues with different superscripts in the same row among groups showed significant differences at , ANOVA.