A Secure Three-Factor Multiserver Authentication Protocol against the Honest-But-Curious Servers

Table 3

BAN logic notations and postulates.

Notations and postulates	Description
	believes the statement is true
	sees
	once said that or has sent a message containing
	has control over
	is fresh
	and can communicate using the shared key ,
	only or a trusted third party know
	The formula is combined with the formula
	Rule(a): The message-meaning rule
	Rule(b): The jurisdiction rule
	Rule(c): The nonce-verification rule
	Rule(d): The freshness-conjuncatenation rule
,	Rule(e): The belief rule