TRILO: A Traffic Indication-Based Downlink Communication Protocol for LoRaWAN

Table 4

Notations used for Class B downlink protocol and TRILO.

Notation	Meaning
	Duty cycle of TRILO
	Duty cycle of the Class B downlink protocol
	Beacon transmission time of TRILO
	Beacon transmission time of the Class B downlink protocol
	Average poll frame transmission time
	Average downlink frame transmission time
	Parameter for the Class B’s ping slots
	Indicator function representing a node is backlogged or not