Antitamper Image Watermarking Based on Cellular Network Topology for IoT-Themed Mobile Forensics

Table 5

Comparisons between the proposed scheme and others.

Scheme	Domain	Unit size	ER	PSNR (dB)	TDR
[8]	DCT		4096 bits	42.23	-
[11]	Spatial		0.25 bpp	≥57	-
[13]	Spatial		1.5 bpp	42.09	99.50%
[14]	Spatial		2.0 bpp	44.17	99%
Ours	Spatial		1.403 bpp	47.16	100%

“-”: not present.