Soil Medium Electromagnetic Scattering Model for the Study of Wireless Underground Sensor Networks

Table 4

The physical parameters used for computing propagation constants from Peplinski’s principle.

Symbol	Quantity	Value and units
	Bulk density of the soil	(g/cm^3)
	Bulk density of the solid soil particles	(g/cm^3)
	Volumetric water content (VWC) or moisture	or
	Soil-type empirically determined constant
	Soil-type empirically determined constant with clay fraction and sand fraction
	Soil-type empirically determined constant
	Relative complex dielectric constant of the mixture of soil and water
	Relaxation time of water
	Static dielectric constant of water	(F m^-1)
	High-frequency limit of	(F m^-1)
	Effective conductivity depending on soil texture
	Permittivity constant of free space	(F m^-1)
	Magnetic permeability	(H m^-1)