6G Green IoT Network: Joint Design of Intelligent Reflective Surface and Ambient Backscatter Communication

Algorithm 1

Transmit beamforming vector optimization.

1:Initialize: random IRS phase shifts ; random backscatter coefficients ;

2:Optimize problem (P4) by CVX and get .

3:Get and , where

4Get , where is uniformly distributed on the unit sphere.

5:Scaling so as to satisfy constraints (14b)–(14d).