A Novel Modified Sparrow Search Algorithm with Application in Side Lobe Level Reduction of Linear Antenna Array

Algorithm 1

Improved boundary constraint.

Input: (Position that overstep the boundary), Ub (Upper boundary), Lb (Lower boundary),

    X_best (Global optimal position), X_good (Current optimal position)

Output: (The new position)

1: if < Lb || X i,j > Ubthen

2:   temp = X_best + | X_best - X_good |·rand(1);

3:   ifLb ≤ temp ≤ Ubthen

4:     = temp;

5:   else

6:     = X_good;

7:   end if

8: end if

9: return