A Novel Modified Sparrow Search Algorithm with Application in Side Lobe Level Reduction of Linear Antenna Array

Figure 3

Convergence curves of the 7 algorithms on the benchmark test functions: (a) F1; (b) F2; (c) F3; (d) F4; (e) F5; (f) F6; (g) F7; (h) F8; (i) F9.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

(f)

(g)

(h)

(i)