A Novel Modified Sparrow Search Algorithm with Application in Side Lobe Level Reduction of Linear Antenna Array

Table 6

Optimized element positions and maximum SLL of 16-element LAA by different algorithms.

Algorithm	Optimized element positions ()	Maximum SLL (dB)
Conv.	0.2500, 0.7500, 1.2500, 1.7500, 2.2500, 2.7500, 3.2500, 3.7500	-13.1476
PSO	0.2500, 0.5311, 1.0128, 1.3930, 1.8738, 2.3329, 2.9893, 3.7500	-21.3693
PSOGSA	0.2500, 0.5495, 1.0230, 1.3560, 1.8561, 2.3358, 2.9783, 3.7500	-21.8484
WOA	0.2500, 0.6485, 1.0456, 1.3751, 1.9467, 2.4634, 3.0076, 3.7500	-19.1546
GOA	0.2500, 0.5802, 1.1274, 1.3493, 1.9119, 2.3129, 3.0208, 3.7500	-19.9808
MTDE	0.2500, 0.5244, 1.0082, 1.3555, 1.8647, 2.3620, 3.0093, 3.7500	-22.1498
SSA	0.2500, 0.5331, 1.0118, 1.3453, 1.8495, 2.3404, 2.9835, 3.7500	-22.0177
MSSA	0.2500, 0.5226, 1.0038, 1.3486, 1.8518, 2.3447, 2.9948, 3.7500	-22.6768