Research Article
Multirobot System to Explore Unknown Environment with Connection Maintenance
Table 11
Comparison of the proposed exploration approaches with different sensor ranges for environment 2.
| No. of robots | Sensor range | Path length | Exploration | Total no. of cycles | Centralized | Leader-follower | Ad hoc | Centralized | Leader-follower | Ad hoc | Centralized | Leader-follower | Ad hoc |
| 1 | 50 | 309 | 364 | 304 | 10476 | 10611 | 10376 | 870 | 848 | 851 | 100 | 285 | 340 | 280 | 10226 | 10361 | 10126 | 795 | 773 | 776 | 150 | 265 | 320 | 260 | 9726 | 9861 | 9626 | 745 | 723 | 726 | 200 | 245 | 300 | 240 | 9176 | 9311 | 9076 | 685 | 663 | 666 | 250 | 233 | 288 | 228 | 8586 | 8721 | 8486 | 605 | 583 | 586 |
| 2 | 50 | 249 | 304 | 244 | 5581 | 5716 | 5481 | 795 | 773 | 776 | 100 | 225 | 280 | 220 | 5331 | 5466 | 5231 | 720 | 698 | 701 | 150 | 205 | 260 | 200 | 4831 | 4966 | 4731 | 670 | 648 | 651 | 200 | 185 | 240 | 180 | 4281 | 4416 | 4181 | 610 | 588 | 591 | 250 | 173 | 228 | 168 | 3691 | 3826 | 3591 | 530 | 508 | 511 |
| 3 | 50 | 219 | 274 | 214 | 5210 | 5345 | 5110 | 735 | 713 | 716 | 100 | 195 | 250 | 190 | 4960 | 5095 | 4860 | 660 | 638 | 641 | 150 | 175 | 230 | 170 | 4460 | 4595 | 4360 | 610 | 588 | 591 | 200 | 155 | 210 | 150 | 3910 | 4045 | 3810 | 550 | 528 | 531 | 250 | 143 | 198 | 138 | 3320 | 3455 | 3220 | 470 | 448 | 451 |
| 4 | 50 | 185 | 240 | 180 | 4989 | 5124 | 4889 | 685 | 663 | 666 | 100 | 161 | 216 | 156 | 4739 | 4874 | 4639 | 610 | 588 | 591 | 150 | 141 | 196 | 136 | 4239 | 4374 | 4139 | 560 | 538 | 541 | 200 | 121 | 176 | 116 | 3689 | 3824 | 3589 | 500 | 478 | 481 | 250 | 109 | 164 | 104 | 3099 | 3234 | 2999 | 420 | 398 | 401 |
| 5 | 50 | 157 | 212 | 152 | 4513 | 4648 | 4413 | 635 | 613 | 616 | 100 | 133 | 188 | 128 | 4263 | 4398 | 4163 | 560 | 538 | 541 | 150 | 113 | 168 | 108 | 3763 | 3898 | 3663 | 510 | 488 | 491 | 200 | 93 | 148 | 88 | 3213 | 3348 | 3113 | 450 | 428 | 431 | 250 | 81 | 136 | 76 | 2623 | 2758 | 2523 | 370 | 348 | 351 |
| 6 | 50 | 134 | 189 | 129 | 4127 | 4262 | 4027 | 583 | 561 | 564 | 100 | 110 | 165 | 105 | 3877 | 4012 | 3777 | 508 | 486 | 489 | 150 | 90 | 145 | 85 | 3377 | 3512 | 3277 | 458 | 436 | 439 | 200 | 70 | 125 | 65 | 2827 | 2962 | 2727 | 398 | 376 | 379 | 250 | 58 | 113 | 53 | 2237 | 2372 | 2137 | 318 | 296 | 299 |
| 7 | 50 | 121 | 176 | 116 | 3755 | 3890 | 3655 | 534 | 512 | 515 | 100 | 97 | 152 | 92 | 3505 | 3640 | 3405 | 459 | 437 | 440 | 150 | 77 | 132 | 72 | 3005 | 3140 | 2905 | 409 | 387 | 390 | 200 | 57 | 112 | 52 | 2455 | 2590 | 2355 | 349 | 327 | 330 | 250 | 45 | 100 | 40 | 1865 | 2000 | 1765 | 269 | 247 | 250 |
| 8 | 50 | 103 | 158 | 98 | 3344 | 3479 | 3244 | 482 | 460 | 463 | 100 | 79 | 134 | 74 | 3094 | 3229 | 2994 | 407 | 385 | 388 | 150 | 59 | 114 | 54 | 2594 | 2729 | 2494 | 357 | 335 | 338 | 200 | 39 | 94 | 34 | 2044 | 2179 | 1944 | 297 | 275 | 278 | 250 | 27 | 82 | 22 | 1454 | 1589 | 1354 | 217 | 195 | 198 |
| 9 | 50 | 91 | 146 | 86 | 3236 | 3371 | 3136 | 431 | 409 | 412 | 100 | 67 | 122 | 62 | 2986 | 3121 | 2886 | 356 | 334 | 337 | 150 | 47 | 102 | 42 | 2486 | 2621 | 2386 | 306 | 284 | 287 | 200 | 27 | 82 | 22 | 1936 | 2071 | 1836 | 246 | 224 | 227 | 250 | 15 | 70 | 10 | 1346 | 1481 | 1246 | 166 | 144 | 147 |
| 10 | 50 | 78 | 133 | 73 | 2999 | 3134 | 2899 | 383 | 361 | 364 | 100 | 54 | 109 | 49 | 2749 | 2884 | 2649 | 308 | 286 | 289 | 150 | 34 | 89 | 29 | 2249 | 2384 | 2149 | 258 | 236 | 239 | 200 | 14 | 69 | 9 | 1699 | 1834 | 1599 | 198 | 176 | 179 | 250 | 12 | 67 | 7 | 1109 | 1244 | 1009 | 118 | 96 | 99 |
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