A Novel Framework of Modelling, Control, and Simulation for Autonomous Quadrotor UAVs Utilizing Arduino Mega

<table class="figure-group"><tr class="fig-image" id="a"><td><object data="https://static-preview.hindawi.com/articles/wcmc/volume-2022/3044520/figures/3044520.fig.002a.svgz" name="3044520.fig.002a" type="image/svg+xml"></object></td></tr><tr class="fig-caption"><td><b>(a) </b>Suspension</td></tr><tr class="fig-image" id="b"><td><object data="https://static-preview.hindawi.com/articles/wcmc/volume-2022/3044520/figures/3044520.fig.002b.svgz" name="3044520.fig.002b" type="image/svg+xml"></object></td></tr><tr class="fig-caption"><td><b>(b) </b>Height rise</td></tr></table>

<div>Movements of the device along the <svg height="9.4347pt" id="M43" style="vertical-align:-3.29111pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -6.14359 11.1359 9.4347" width="11.1359pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M475 445L452 468C423 436 401 426 385 426S352 427 305 436C268 443 216 448 185 448C156 448 128 425 102 382C89 360 77 338 64 304L89 291C117 340 143 380 190 380C214 380 268 376 295 373C320 370 344 371 362 374L70 101C32 65 23 36 23 18C23 5 27 -3 31 -8C36 -8 39 -6 42 -1C52 15 67 31 80 40S110 49 143 33C195 8 257 -20 290 -20C339 -20 382 11 439 129L416 148C366 74 334 55 305 55C278 55 236 68 203 81C169 94 141 100 122 96C205 170 348 308 411 376L475 445Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,6.149,3.132)"><path d="M460 334C460 396 434 451 378 451C330 451 241 408 148 300H146L237 679C241 697 241 710 232 710C213 710 153 684 67 675L66 646H95C141 646 145 642 134 595L39 170C23 97 31 54 46 33C64 8 100 -12 137 -12C178 -12 234 3 298 43C391 101 460 222 460 334ZM371 320C371 204 316 89 248 51C230 41 208 37 192 37C143 37 102 72 119 166C124 194 129 215 135 235C202 323 298 392 335 392C353 392 371 372 371 320Z"></path></g></svg> axis.</div>

Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing

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Figure 2

Figure 2: A Novel Framework of Modelling, Control, and Simulation for Autonomous Quadrotor UAVs Utilizing Arduino Mega 