Research Article

Narrow-Band Radio Propagation Prediction Based on a Highly Accurate Three-Dimensional Railway Environment Model

Table 6

The MSE and MAE comparison of the results including and excluding the 2nd-order components.

RMSE (dB)MAE (dB)

Curve A2nd order included3.412.91
2nd order excluded3.412.91

Curve B2nd order included3.793.16
2nd order excluded3.793.16

Curve C2nd order included4.143.31
2nd order excluded4.153.34

Curve D2nd order included4.764.05
2nd order excluded4.754.04