[Retracted] Low-Voltage Diagnosis of Energy Distribution Network Based on Improved Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm

Table 1

Comparison of diagnostic effects of different schemes.

Diagnostic algorithm	Expected value of network loss/kW	Expected average value of node voltage deviation/%	Expected voltage loss/kV	Expected minimum voltage of AC side node (p.u.)	Minimum expected electric value of DC side node (p.u.)
Not diagnosed	389.67	5.81	1.44	0.9251	0.9806
HPSO	280.23	3.92	1.27	0.9314	0.9895
CPSO	250.76	3.20	1.06	0.9455	0.9900
ICHPSO	196.45	2.25	0.77	0.9514	0.9918