Abstract
Piano performance has been around for hundreds of years, and piano performance is currently on the rise. As a pianist, better presentation and performance skills are necessary as a player. And in the process of playing, people must also have a calm psychological quality in order to play the piano perfectly and bring beautiful enjoyment to the audience. This is also the basis for the smooth progress of the performance. The better the psychological quality of the performer, the better the performance will be. This paper analyzes the influence of the psychological quality of piano performance based on the big data algorithm and finds that under the influence of the big data algorithm, the psychological quality of the performers is enhanced by 18%. As for the richness of on-site experience and the stable performance of technology, it is about 20% higher than normal in all aspects, which can provide reference for related research.
1. Introduction
Two hundred years ago, the piano has been popular in Europe. At this time, the piano can only make monotonous pronunciation, but it is still in the stage of development. Among them, there is a piano enthusiast who made a reasonable modification of the piano mechanism, so that the strings can be struck multiple times to produce different sounds. At this point, music began to develop from simple to complex. On this basis, it was slowly used in other musical instruments, and since then, it has entered the era of musical instruments. After 40 years, enthusiasts changed the strings and combined the three elements to achieve the basic model of the modern piano, which is also the origin of the shape of the modern piano. For the next hundred years, the string structure has not changed.
The current piano literature occupies a place in the genre of quyi. It has an extremely important position in the contemporary cultural world. It contains all kinds of rich knowledge, playing techniques, psychological adjustment, and so on. It also has a thought-provoking philosophy and serves as a guiding light for modern players. It is explained from many aspects, combined with some contemporary musical concepts, showing its special vitality. When playing with a piece, it will pay more attention to the inner meaning. In this paper, we pay attention to the analysis of real-time data, which is of reference significance to a certain extent, and can reduce tension as much as possible for piano players when playing, making the performance more stable, and the audience can also be pleasing to the eyes, providing piano players with certain benefits. The uniqueness of this article is that the data often processed by big data algorithms are more realistic have the right to speak.
The paper is mainly divided into 4 parts. The first section of the third chapter mainly describes the psychological influence factors of the piano players. The second section mainly describes the methods of cultivating and adjusting a good performance mentality. The third section mainly describes the psychological obstacles of the piano players., the fourth section is the big data algorithm used, the fifth section is about the skills of piano players, and the sixth section is the current thinking about music education.
2. Related Work
On big data algorithms, evolutionary algorithms (EA) have recently been suggested as candidate methods for solving big data optimization problems that involve a large number of variables and require analysis in a short time. However, EA faces scalability issues when dealing with big data problems. To address these challenges, Sabar et al. proposed a heterogeneous framework that combines cooperative coevolutionary methods with various types of meme algorithms to improve the efficiency of the solution process [1]. With the rapid development of information technologies such as the Internet and the Internet of Things, big data usually exists in cyberspace in the form of data streams. It brings enormous benefits to the information society. At the same time, it also brings severe challenges to big data mining in data flow. Recently, various university circles have developed a strong interest in massive data mining, and Pradeep and Naveen launched an analysis and discussion on this [2]. Big data (BD) approaches have had a major impact on the development and expansion of supply chain network management and design. In the BD environment, it is very challenging to face these problems and greatly affects the efficiency of SCN. Optimizing the right network with the right batch can minimize the overall carbon footprint in the SCN. It plays a key role in this. In response, Goodarzian et al. developed a production-transport-order-inventory, which is a mixed integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) model [3]. In modern medicine, medical imaging has come a long way, with the ability to capture several biomedical images from a patient. It can use and train these images in intelligent systems. By analyzing these images, different diseases can be identified. Tchapga et al. described how to use the Spark framework to apply these algorithms to big data architectures. And he further proposed a classification-based workflow [4].
Among the pianists, Viktor Syriatsky is a contemporary leader. During his 35 years of work at the I. P. Kotlyarevsky State University of Arts in Kharkiv, he trained several generations of famous musicians. Syriatska revealed the fundamental principles of Viktor Syriatska’s performance style and the nature of his artistic aspirations. In order to reveal the chosen theme, he used sophisticated music analysis methods [5]. Vsevolod Vladimirovich Topilin (1908–1970) was a pianist and teacher. He played an important role in the development of Ukrainian piano culture. Tragic events of the twentieth century disrupted his life and career and kept him out of public life. Pinchuk introduced the particulars of the pianist’s life and work and his works, as well as his place in the musical, and the society’s complete evaluation of it [6]. Meitner was a brilliant composer, a brilliant pianist of the twentieth century, and a thoughtful philosopher. Danilova analyzed the relationship between creative reflection in his literary heritage and the author’s performance interpretation, revealing that there is an inevitable connection between the master composer’s thinking and playing style in the creative process [7]. There are also some pianists who have suffered from osteoarthritis of the thumb, wrist, and metacarpal joints because of playing for a long time. Pianists also hurt their fingers when playing is shown in Table 1.
3. Calculation of the Psychological Quality of Piano Players Based on Big Data Algorithms
3.1. Psychological Influencing Factors of Piano Players
Piano playing has a history of hundreds of years. The piano is also dubbed the master of musical instruments by contemporary people. Because of its special playing style and tone, it is worshipped by many piano lovers. The piano is also the most popular at the moment, and it is also the most studied. In the use of the piano, it is mainly divided into two categories, as shown in Figure 1. No matter what kind of player, most of them will show different degrees of performance in the performance. This is mainly related to the psychological quality of the player. Among them, the way of thinking, behavior, and self-feeling are all related to the performer, and only those who have a certain talent can learn. Moreover, it is necessary to focus on the cultivation of psychology in order to ensure a complete performance [8].
3.1.1. Quality Factors
Psychological quality also has a huge impact on the performer. It is affected by many external factors, and it is also related to the training time in the later stage, and it is also the embodiment of the player’s emotions in the performance process. If the player makes a little mistake in the performance, it may lead to a failed performance in the end [9]. When mistakes are made, they are prone to a blank brain, uncontrolled body, rapid heartbeat, weakness of limbs, and various discomforts. However, if the players have a strong ability to withstand pressure, they will generally return to normal through self-regulation. This is a qualified pianist. And it will also determine the response time according to the different reaction speed of the person. If there are gaps in the performance, it will be fatal, and these problems will not easily occur with high quality. Because each person’s own ability to bear is different, it also leads to different degrees of panic after playing and attracting attention from everyone, which is not qualified for a piano player.
3.1.2. Technical Factors
If the psychological factor is the soul of the performer, then the technical factor is the body of the performer, and the two are indispensable. If there is no problem with the psychological state, there are two kinds of problems with technology. If the psychology is tough, but the technology is not at home, it will be useless. For the audience, it may be a spit game. For the psychological quality, there are many factors that affect it. For example, the individual’s innate ability to accept psychology, pressure, and technical factors are completely related to the individual. It requires unremitting perseverance, training, and also needs to reflect their own perceptions in it. If they truly feel that the music is in their hearts and they are within their grasp, they will be able to play with ease, so that they can truly become a qualified pianist and bring joy to the audience [10]. Although diligent practice is also the main work, the technique also requires one’s own familiarity with the piano. Only by training each tone and rhythm many times, and really integrating the movements of the fingertips into the heart, there will be few panic and blank situations, and they can have a perfect piano performance. The psychological quality of the piano player will be improved in the technical and psychological quality under the big data algorithm, and the player’s heart will be affirmed.
3.1.3. On-the-Spot Experience
Many performers will experience stage fright in different environments, not to say that they are afraid to play, and they are afraid of making mistakes in performance [11]. Because of the difference in their own psychological abilities, the surrounding environment, the touch between their fingers, and the presence of thousands of people watching, they will also involuntarily put pressure on themselves. This results in the player being unable to resonate with the surrounding environment and mood. This makes them unable to play good tunes. They play the piano in the piano room and in the public venue, and their mood is different. In the piano room, most people have no psychological pressure and can play well. But in the open room, there will be pressure, and it is easy to generate tension. Although this reflects the player’s ability to be present to a certain extent, it is really unqualified. Although their technical or psychological abilities are qualified, errors occur when they are on the spot. This requires players to try on-the-spot performances many times, so that they can break through themselves and improve their ability to play the piano [12].
3.2. Methods of Cultivating and Regulating a Good Playing Mentality
3.2.1. Relax, Self-Encouragement
The best way to cultivate and adjust a good playing attitude is 1 to 2 hours before the scene, which is conducive to the player’s better performance. The main reason why pianists are prone to problems is psychological. They are prone to panic, blanks, etc. As a pianist, they need to adjust themselves before the competition. If there is a bad mentality, they will easily lead to normal thinking disorder and affect the normal performance. As for clear purpose, building confidence is also a must as a pianist. The mentality is not calm, just like water in a glass, shaking left and right, and the brain’s speculative operation is suspended. This affects the performance of the pianist. They need to devote themselves wholeheartedly to the performance and to create in their own music without being influenced by the outside world [13].
3.2.2. Accumulation and Cohesion of Aesthetic Feelings
Before participating in the performance, the performers will be well prepared, familiar with the skills, perceive the environment, and achieve the desired effect from the part to the whole through continuous training, so that they can play with ease [14]. There are two difficult points. At the technical level, it takes a long time for the pianist to become familiar with the new repertoire. At the level of accumulating the feeling of the beauty of music, this needs to be cultivated and not achieved overnight. Among them, on the one hand, it is necessary to break through a difficult problem in technique, and on the other hand, it is necessary to further accumulate and condense aesthetic feelings and feelings. It is these accumulations and condensations that will arouse the performers’ creative passion and form a huge desire to express before the performance. The on-the-spot tension and cramped emotions before the performance should be transformed into passion rather than tension. This kind of excitement makes people have a strong desire to perform. Only when the performer himself concentrates his thoughts into the music can he express the contagious music with enthusiasm.
3.2.3. Accumulation of Stage Practical Experience
Before the performance, they can usually train outside. They can also perform performances under the watchful eyes of their friends, familiarize themselves with the operating environment in advance, and understand the connection between them. This can also make subsequent performances smoother and smoother. Performers can play directly to people they know, such as colleagues or relatives and friends, to build a platform for psychological communication between performers and the audience [15]. At the same time, they pay special attention to the internal environment such as the sound reflection and the brightness of the light and then adapt to the new piano and try the piano carefully to master the tone and volume of the new piano accompaniment and check whether the keyboard tone is consistent. If there is a problem, they should immediately call a technician to adjust.
3.3. Psychological Disorders of Piano Players
3.3.1. Tension
For some beginner performers, or professional performers, they are more or less in a state of panic before stepping onto the high-profile stage. Their mental state before the performance was full of confidence, and as soon as they got to the stage, their palms were sweaty and nervous. Although there will be relatives and friends around to cheer and encourage, there will be tension caused by some psychological factors, which will lead to mistakes.
3.3.2. Arrogance
For some performers who feel good about themselves, their appearances may be partly nervous and arrogant, feeling that their performances are unmatched and blindly confident. And the usual training is not as good as that of other performers, and they do not communicate with other people very much and live in their own world. Although it is not good to be too nervous, it should not be too arrogant, and there is no pressure at all. This is destined to be eliminated and even more serious consequences.
3.3.3. Negative
There are also some people because of bad performances during the performance give up and deny themselves, resulting in negative emotions and loss of motivation. Some of them are caused by being forced to learn to play the piano, or they do not like it, and they are caused involuntarily. If there is no encouragement in this situation, it will only develop in a bad direction, or even become reversed, causing more bad results. Because it can be summarized through the neural algorithm of big data, so as to analyze the influence of the players’ psychological quality on their performance.
3.4. Big Data Algorithms
3.4.1. Neural Network Algorithm
Neural network algorithm is a relatively traditional computing method, and its network formation is similar to neurons. Each neural unit constitutes a set, and finally a population is formed by synaptic connections. Each neuron is connected to each other, and they have a separate activation or inhibition state [16]. They can combine the information they have or perform one-to-one transmission. Each unit will have a limit function on it. If there are too many transmitted signals, they will play a limiting role. These are built-in neurons and do not need to be trained and learned. They will be trained and learned through each transmission of information by neurons, which means they are mastered, and they are not programming.
However, it is not easy to express this form in a computer program, and it works best in the field of special effects networks. The processing method of neurons is similar to that of our human brain. They are connected through thousands of neurons, and then they always have computing power of an order of magnitude more complex than that of the brain. In order to train them, thousands of cycles need to occur, and these problems that are difficult to solve by programming are input into this training activity. The feature is also because the knowledge of the dynamic system and parameters is included, and the neural network mainly has three layers, which process and transmit information, respectively [17]. According to the layering of the neural network algorithm, a schematic diagram of the algorithm structure is drawn, as shown in Figure 2.
In the neural network algorithm, the input layer mainly stores the original data and the symbol M-input layer dataset. The expressions are as follows:
After going through the following formula, the two are related.
is the weight relationship between the input data. is the weight and, is the threshold. The startup method between them is as follows:
Steps in between are as follows: it first sets up the original function and organizes it into a collection. It calculates the intermediate parameters according to the calculation formula of the correlation relationship and then outputs the results obtained by each layer and performs the function error operation. If it is within reasonable parameters, it outputs the result; otherwise, it reruns the operation until it outputs the result [18]. It is shown in Figure 3.
3.4.2. Genetic Algorithm
Genetic algorithm is an optimization method that performs a global search in parallel and dynamically in the solution space through the transformation, iteration, and mutation of a large number of candidate solutions. Because the genetic algorithm has a relatively complete mathematical model and theory, it has good performance in solving many NP-hard problems.
Genetic algorithms are designed according to Darwin’s theory of evolution. Genetic algorithm individuals refer to a certain number of binary strings in a simulated chromosome. The numbering is done in binary, and the encoding method is as follows:
means is the number limit, and means the minimum number of . The drift point number means that there are data in the hypothesis, and is used to represent the th chromosome of the first generation, where can be expressed as
The quantitative information of each chromosomal gene is represented by , and the drift number can be represented as follows:
The genetic algorithm process is shown in Figure 4.
3.4.3. Word Vector Technology
Natural language understanding can be transformed into a problem of instrument learning. By constructing word vectors, the similarity score and distance are finally obtained, and the minimum number of edits is required to convert one character into another character. The conversion here can be said to be replacement or deletion. The following formula is obtained by finding the minimum number of edits, and this idea is called dynamic programming. The two strings are:
The formula for recursive calculation of edit distance is as follows:
where represents the weight of the operation, such as adding, deleting, and changing:
Its logical relationship is more complex, and the algorithm time complexity is high [19]. The operation flow is shown in Figure 5:
3.4.4. Weight Division
As an objective assignment method, weight planning is to reduce the subjectivity of weights, and it also conforms to the logical thinking in mathematics. Considering that in the assignment method, the difference between the original data and the output data will be relatively large, and the tempering treatment is generally performed first [20]. There are the following methods.
The dimensionless processing formula of the positive index is
The formula for dimensionless processing of negative indicators is
A new matrix can be obtained by operation. When calculating the index entropy value, the calculation method is
Here .
The value of each indicator is determined as
It calculates the final score:
Its operation flow is shown in Figure 6.
3.5. Pianist Skills
There are four types of piano playing techniques, scale, chromatic scale, arpeggio, and octave [21, 22]. This is also a relatively conventional four techniques. In the performance of musical instruments, musical elements are also the basic knowledge of music theory. In the process of musical instrument performance, it is necessary to have strong emotions and perceptions of art. Playing the piano is also the most basic content. Music is inseparable from the piano, and the piano is also inseparable from the music. Generally, piano performance is mainly reflected in the emotional or emotional expression of music, and it is also its main expression method. The two are interdependent. For a perfect piano performance, the two must be inseparable. Music sense can give the piano a better timbre, and the timbre of the piano is not found in other instruments. One of the people’s favorite artistic expressions is piano performance, which has extremely high artistic value and reference significance [23, 24].
If they can play a more beautiful melody, then they must have mastered some basic skills. Taking advantage of the different points and advantages of playing these techniques, the application in piano performance can improve the timbre performance and the intuitive influence of timbre in piano research and can also improve the basic skills of playing. It plays an important and decisive role in understanding the basic piano knowledge and improving the subsequent performance [25, 26].
As the basic method of piano performance, what he needs to do is to integrate the elements, melody, and rhythm in the music and finally interpret the music better. However, this process requires a lot of time and effort. These elements are fused to achieve a situation where they can be retracted freely. Moreover, in the process of learning, they will have a better understanding of the elements of music, which is quite a training exercise to exercise the skills of the piano player, and it will also allow the player to slowly integrate the skills between the fingers. In training, these three mainstream trainings need to be strengthened [27]. The songs played by some performers will make the audience feel the inner world of the performers in the music, so that the music can be integrated with the spiritual world, directly hit the soul, and give people the enjoyment of the beauty of the spiritual world [28].
From another point of view, the style, charm, melody, and emotion represented by music also determine its particularity and appreciation. Its tone determines the player’s technical ability, as well as the emotional expression of the piano performance, and they restrict and coexist with each other. Without the skill of the pianist, the sound of the piano is meaningless, and vice versa. The tune of the piano player can also prove that the player’s heart is gentle and spreading, and the player’s heart is like the Yangtze River, flowing calmly. The tune is high-pitched and loud, indicating that the performer’s heart is full of passion at this moment, and the blood is bursting [29].
The performance of the tune is related to many aspects, and the tone is also used as a conveyor belt or listening tree for people’s emotional sustenance, conveying the inner emotions of the listener. Different timbres are affected by the player’s skills, finger coordination, flexibility, strength, etc. There are many factors, such as these three aspects, keystroke ability, finger coordination, and finger strength control. The key table of piano skills is shown in Table 2 (0 means nonessential key points, and 1 means essential key points).
3.6. Current Situation and Countermeasures of Music Teaching
The education of contemporary music for students should not be left unchecked. It should be people-oriented, cultivate students’ interests, focus on students, mutual respect between students and teachers, and advocate independent exploration. It should not be limited to books and can discover more about life. Finding the shadow of music in life is mainly in the cultivation of students’ ability, not just letting it go, which is unqualified for teachers. Any kind of skill or ability is acquired under the precipitation of time.
The cultivation of students’ musical quality also requires time conversion. Constantly improving and optimizing can only have a solid foundation, so that it will be easier to learn profound knowledge in the follow-up. At the beginning, it is necessary to sort out the structure of music knowledge. As for letting students have a basic understanding of music, only on the basis of understanding music knowledge can they slowly develop their musical literacy and appreciation ability. This is the focus of music education, the knowledge of teacher education, and the knowledge learned in life, and sorting is the student’s own ability and skills.
Modern music education has produced the problem of de-intellectualization, and there are roughly two types. Some teachers have made music class a more professional class, and students do not understand it at all. Without a basic knowledge of music, they are laymen. Another is that music class teachers regard music class as a course for students’ daily leisure and relaxation, so that the reformers interpret it as not teaching knowledge. The music class also needs practice, and it is impossible to really understand it only at the knowledge level. At the teaching level, it is actually best to set up some music clubs and let students participate in this kind of activities more, so that students can understand and form their own understanding of music, which is also a basic path for students to understand themselves and the world. With the progress of the times, a lot of one-sided knowledge will be improved, and it will also allow students to develop more comprehensively. Music literacy is related to personal literacy and knowledge. It needs to train interested students into professional music talents and teach students in accordance with their aptitude. As for interested students, they can be trained completely. If they are not interested in music but are interested in other courses, then they can develop other courses. It is unrealistic to train every student in accordance with professional talents.
To cultivate students’ interest in music, first of all, students need to be able to understand music. After a period of training, if students find their interest, they will gradually enter their favorite emotions and gradually become more interested in music. The accumulation of knowledge forms a special understanding of music and improves one’s own music literacy and appreciation level.
4. Comparison of Psychological Influencing Factors of Performers
Through the big data algorithm, the player’s psychology can be obtained from an intuitive data, because the inner activity is indescribable, and the improvement of the player’s psychological quality is to convert the natural language into machine learning and then read the obtained data. The word vector is calculated by a recursive algorithm to obtain the weight ratio data. In the comparison between the neural network algorithm and the genetic algorithm in the analysis, the prediction is the neural network algorithm, but the comparison of the genetic algorithm has shortcomings, and it is not easy to compare in terms of cognitive quality.
With the development of science and technology, the psychological quality of piano players is gradually analyzed using big data algorithms. The piano is a keyboard instrument derived from ancient Western music. Among many musical instruments, the piano also has its own unique characteristics. After hundreds of years of circulation and introduction to China, the sound and timbre of the music have gradually formed a unique form, which is loved by the Chinese people.
This paper mainly compares the four aspects of the pianist’s emotional quality, cognitive quality, performance personality, and role adaptability, because in the performance, the emotional quality of the piano player is related to the emotional expression of the performance and the emotional expression of the audience. Through the comparison and analysis of the experiment, the evaluation method under the big data algorithm is compared with the artificial emotional evaluation, as shown in Figure 7.
Through the comparison of the two sets of data, it can be seen that the score of the emotional quality of the piano players under the big data operation will be about 16% higher than the conventional score. It also shows that under the operation of big data, the emotional expression of the piano player will be more familiar to the audience, and it is easy to resonate with the emotion. The music brought to the audience by the pianist under the operation of big data will also become clearer, and the audience can also understand the emotion that the pianist wants to express.
Contemporary music listeners also gradually gain self-awareness, understanding of music, and self-feelings. The listeners will have a self-perception based on the emotions or moods conveyed by the performer and finally come to their own inner feelings. Figure 8 is a comparison of the cognitive qualities of piano players.
Through this set of data comparison charts, it is not difficult to see that in the case of big data operations, the cognitive quality of piano players has improved by about 20%. It also makes players more aware of their own performance. And the concerts expressed in this way bring more intuitive emotional enjoyment to the audience, which is also a big improvement for the performers themselves, because self-awareness is the beginning of progress. Cognitive quality is also a challenge for performers.
Every famous pianist has experienced ups and downs. There is a lot of on-the-spot experience, and on-the-spot experience is indispensable for players. The lack of live experience may affect the performance and even lead to the loss of reputation and no one cares. Experienced players will be at ease. The following figure is a comparison of on-the-spot experience under big data, as shown in Figure 9.
Through comparison, it is found that under the operation and analysis of big data, the experience improvement of live experience to the performers in the same session is not the same. In the case of using big data, the experience improvement is about 10%. It also shows that under the operation of big data, compared with traditional performance, the player will improve faster, and it will be more helpful to the player, which is conducive to adjusting their mentality and overcoming their psychological state. In the case of the state, it will also bring a musical feast.
Modern performances also have a unique performance style and personality, which is also to make the performance more full, and some even exaggerated performances to achieve the effect expected by the audience. In the case of big data operations, the performers have also become richer in their own unique personalities, as shown in Figure 10.
Through the comparison of the two sets of data, it can be seen that on the basis of big data operations, the number of people who play the piano with individuality has increased by about 20%. Personalized performance also shows that new styles of piano performance will gradually emerge. It is not a single black silent style. More and more excellent piano players express their true self in their personalized performances, expressing different personalities and playing emotions. The performance will be more distinct, with new features and vitality.
5. Discussion
Although the spiritual enjoyment brought by the piano is short-lived, in the long river of time, people will spread this sound. It is sealed in the form of a network, so that it will remain in our hearts forever, and we can play it if we want to listen, pursue the best sound quality, and restore the sound of live performances as much as possible. For music lovers, it is food for the soul; but for those who do not love piano, it means nothing; on the contrary, it may cause major problems, especially for newbies, who are only interested. Only then can they lead them to get started, and they must not act arbitrarily. It is necessary to teach students according to their aptitude and cultivate more musical talents. In the future, it may come into contact with more people, and it will gradually push the performance to a new height. This is what piano performance enthusiasts are looking forward to.
6. Conclusion
The full text mainly describes the analysis of the psychological factors of piano players under the big data and analyzes the influence of emotional quality, cognitive quality, performance personality, and role adaptability on the players. It uses methods such as big data calculation to explain in essence and how to make players play more smoothly. It supplements some skills that piano players need to use. It is found that the piano players under the big data algorithm are more energetic and vital than the original group of piano players, and the performance will be smoother and more stable. Using algorithms in big data for analysis, it tells what factors will be affected by players and how to adjust them, as well as simple playing knowledge and some thoughts on future musical instrument performance. It also shows that piano players under the big data will have more advantages, which will promote the subsequent development. Subsequent piano performances will also bring more excellent and high-quality works to the audience.
Data Availability
This article does not cover data research. No data were used to support this study.
Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.