Improved Ant Lion Optimizer for Coverage Optimization in Wireless Sensor Networks

Pseudocode 1

Improved ant lion optimizer.

1: Set the parameters of the WSN: the sensing radius of sensor , the number of the nodes , and the area of the monitoring area

2: Set the parameters of the algorithm: the population size , the dimension , the maximum iteration number , the lower bound , and the upper bound

3: Initialize the ants and antlions randomly

4: Calculate the fitness of the antlions, and find the best antlion as an elite

5: While

6:   for1to

7:   Select an antlion using roulette wheel

8:   Update the boundary of a random walk using equations (10) and (11)

9:   Create a random walk and normalize it using equation (5), (6), and (7)

10:   Update the positions of ants using equations (14), (21), and (22)

11:   End for1

12:   Calculate the values of the fitness of all ants

13:   Replace an antlion with its corresponding ant using equation (13)

14:   for2to

15:   Update the positions of antlions using equations (23), (24), and (25)

16:   End for2

17:   Update the elite if an antlion has a better fitness than it

18:   

19:  End while

20:  Output the elite (coverage rate) and the best positions (the deployment of the nodes).