Research Article

A Training Sequence-Based Ranging Method for R-Mode of VHF Data Exchange System

Table 1

The technical specifications of the VDES terrestrial component.

SubsystemsSignal bandwidthModulationsSymbol rateBit rate

AIS25 kHzGMSK9.6 ksps9.6 kbps
ASM-TER25 kHz QPSK9.6 ksps19.2 kbps
VDE-TER25 kHz/
50 kHz/
100 kHz
QPSK/
8-PSK/
16-QAM
19.2 ksps (25 kHz)/
38.4 ksps (50 kHz)/
76.8 ksps (100 kHz)
Depends on the modulation and the symbol rate