A TDOA/AOA Hybrid Positioning Based on Improved Sparrow Search Algorithm for Mobile Position Estimation

Table 1

Correspondence between improved sparrow search algorithm and mobile position estimation.

PSO-SSA	Mobile position estimation
Population	Number of mobile base stations
Improve sparrow individuals	A candidate solution for unknown node location
Fitness function	Objective function for solving unknown node position coordinates
Global optimal solution	Minimum node of positioning accuracy error
Location of global optimal solution	Estimated position coordinates of unknown nodes
Time required to improve sparrow activities	Algorithm simulation time