Optimizing Energy Storage System Operations and Configuration through a Whale Optimization Algorithm Enhanced with Chaotic Mapping and IoT Data: Enhancing Efficiency and Longevity of Energy Storage Stations

Table 3

Revenues of the photovoltaic-storage charging station.

Methods	ES life (day)	Life cycle revenue (yuan)	Average annual revenue (yuan·a^−1)
Proposed	3124	1821623.68	199728.51
Literature [24]	2274	1489288.73	223105.39
Literature [18]	1885	1033258.44	186378.87
Literature [25]	1314	659334.72	168685.76