The Influence of Prefermentation Skin Contact, Stabulation, and Skin Fermentation on the Aromatic Behaviour and Phenolic Compounds of Important Austrian White Wine Cultivars
Table 5
Average content of volatile and phenolic compounds and the sum parameters for Pinot Blanc variants (the entire dataset is shown in Table S7).
PB C
PB 12 h SC
PB 24 h SC
PB 3D ST
PB 7D ST
Sum aromatic esters (μg/l)
1.2 ± 0.1
1.2 ± 0.1
1.0 ± 0.1
1.0 ± 0.1
1.0 ± 0.2
Sum acetate esters of higher alcohols (μg/l)
1.302, 5 ± 136.2
1.334, 7 ± 27.9
1.404, 7 ± 60.4
1.286, 5 ± 93.6
1.147, 5 ± 115.3
Sum ethyl esters of carboxylic acids with an even number of C atoms (μg/l)
2.453, 2a ± 10.8
3.453, 6bc ± 274.1
3.629, 8c ± 206.3
3.294, 3bc ± 79.9
3.150, 9b ± 173.7
Sum esters of higher alcohols and medium-length chain carboxylic acids (μg/l)
5.2 ± 0.3
5.4 ± 0.3
5.2 ± 0.1
5.1 ± 0.0
5.3 ± 0.2
Sum ethyl esters of carboxylic acids with an odd number of C atoms (μg/l)
0.9bc ± 0.1
1.1c ± 0.1
1.0bc ± 0.1
0.9b ± 0.1
0.7a ± 0.0
Sum ester of branched carboxylic acids (μg/l)
2.3 ± 0.1
2.3 ± 0.0
2.3 ± 0.1
2.1 ± 0.2
2.1 ± 0.2
Sum isoamyl ester of medium-long chain carboxylic acids (μg/l)
1.2 ± 0.0
1.4 ± 0.1
1.3 ± 0.1
1.2 ± 0.1
1.4 ± 0.1
Sum methyl esters (μg/l)
11.5d ± 0.9
9.0c ± 0.1
8.9c ± 0.5
6.9b ± 0.7
5.0a ± 0.3
Sum minor esters (μg/l)
3.778, 0a ± 145.6
4.808, 7bc ± 273.3
5.054, 2c ± 259.6
4.598, 0bc ± 173.7
4.313, 7b ± 279.4
Sum free monoterpenes (μg/l)
19.3 ± 2.9
18.6 ± 1.7
18.7 ± 1.6
18.5 ± 0.6
19.7 ± 0.7
IBMP (ng/l)
<2
<2
<2
<2
<2
3MHA (ng/l)
9 ± 4
7 ± 2
8 ± 1
5 ± 3
5 ± 3
3MH (ng/l)
159 ± 40
168 ± 23
196 ± 25
149 ± 40
228 ± 21
Rotundone (ng/l)
<2
<2
<2
<2
<2
Sum higher alcohols (mg/l)
110.32a ± 9.28
134.74b ± 4.74
96.58a ± 6.99
102.92a ± 3.96
103.63a ± 7.44
Sum C6 compounds (mg/l)
0.73 ± 0.06
0.78 ± 0.09
0.77 ± 0.01
0.85 ± 0.04
0.82 ± 0.09
Sum major ethyl esters (mg/l)
85.45 ± 9.14
87.61 ± 6.37
76.45 ± 4.00
69.50 ± 1.67
70.06 ± 4.68
Sum carbonacids (mg/l)
19.89a ± 1.47
28.35b ± 1.31
33.53c ± 2.82
34.44c ± 1.86
33.98c ± 0.73
Total phenols (g/l)
0.070 ± 0.000
0.070 ± 0.010
0.057 ± 0.006
0.060 ± 0.010
0.057 ± 0.006
PB C: control; PB 12 h SC: 12 h of prefermentation skin contact; PB 24 h SC: 24 h of prefermentation skin contact; PB 3D ST: 3 days of stabulation; PB 7D ST: 7 days of stabulation; n.d., not detectable. N = 3 per treatment variant. The same letter indicates no significant difference. The data were analysed with one-way analysis of variance with the Benjamin–Hochberg correction followed by the Tukey B test for pairwise comparisons ().
