Research Article

Effect of Moringa oleifera, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and Their Combination on Growth Performance, Digestive Enzymes, Immunity, and Microbiota in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Table 4

The morphological indexes of Nile tilapia fed test diets for 56 days.

TreatmentsCONMOP values
CONBaCONBaMOBaMO × Ba

HSI (%)1.35 ± 0.061.45 ± 0.161.32 ± 0.081.47 ± 0.080.7580.3120.794
VSI (%)10.41 ± 0.24A10.57 ± 0.18A10.59 ± 0.12A11.96 ± 0.35B0.007 (a/b)0.013 (x/y)0.006
GSI (%)7.89 ± 0.18A7.88 ± 0.12A8.42 ± 0.11A9.69 ± 0.37B0.001 (a/b)0.042 (x/y)0.011
CF (g/cm3)3.61 ± 0.033.81 ± 0.043.96 ± 0.094.11 ± 0.02<0.001 (a/b)0.045 (x/y)0.453

Notes: MO, M. oleifera supplementation; Ba, B. amyloliquefaciens supplementation; MO × Ba, interaction effect. Values are means and standard error of the mean (SEM). ns, no significant, . Different letters indicate significant differences between the two MO adding types and two Ba types, such as (a/b) in parentheses corresponds to no MO addition, MO addition, and the value of a is less than b. The other set of letters (x/y) corresponds to no Ba addition and Ba addition, and the value of x is less than the value of y. The presence of different capital letters indicates a significant difference between groups. Hepatosomatic index (HSI, %) = (liver weight (g)/body weight (g)) × 100; Visceral index (VSI, %) = (visceral weight (g)/body weight (g)) × 100; Gut index (GSI, %) = (gut weight (g)/body weight (g)) × 100; Condition factor (CF, g/cm3) = (body weight (g)/body length3 (cm3)) × 100.