Investigation of the Protective Effect of Probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum Ep-M17 on the Hepatopancreas of Penaeus vannamei

Figure 12

KEGG pathway analysis. (a) Heat map of differential metabolites for KEGG pathway clustering. Each row represents a differential metabolite with significant differential expression, while each column represents a sample set. The color scheme is as follows: red indicates upregulation, blue indicates downregulation and color shades indicate the degree of up and downregulation. The clustering of metabolites with similar expression patterns is represented on the left of the heatmap. (b) The bubble map shows KEGG pathways with significant enrichment. Each bubble represents a metabolic pathway, with size and horizontal position indicating the pathway’s influence factor in topological analysis. The vertical position and color of the bubble represent the negative common logarithm of the P-value (i.e., −log₁₀P-value), with darker colors indicating smaller P-values and more significant enrichment. (c) The bar graph shows the number of differentially expressed metabolites in each KEGG metabolic pathway, with each pathway represented on the vertical axis. The colour of the bars reflects the P-value of the enrichment analysis, with darker colours indicating more significant enrichment.

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